Video capsule endoscopy in left ventricular assist device recipients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding

Table 1 Characteristics and outcomes of left ventricular assist device recipients undergoing video capsule endoscopy n (%)

	Total, n = 30	Positive study, n = 12	Negative study, n = 18	P value
Age (yr)	60.1 ± 10.2	62.6 ± 8.8	58.4 ± 10.9	0.27
Female	6 (20.0)	4 (33.3)	2 (11.1)	0.18
Charlson comorbidity index	4.7	5	4.6	0.70
History of GIB prior to LVAD	3 (10.0)	2 (16.7)	1 (5.6)	0.55
LVAD implant to GIB (mo)	4.8 ± 6.0	5.5 ± 7.0	4.4 ± 5.3	0.65
Overt GIB	23 (76.7)	8 (66.7)	15 (83.3)	0.39
Antiplatelet agents	26 (86.7)	10 (83.3)	16 (88.9)	1.00
Anticoagulants	28 (93.3)	11 (91.7)	17 (94.4)	1.00
Endoscopies prior to VCE (number)	3.2 ± 1.7	3.5 ± 1.9	3.0 ± 1.7	0.46
Length of stay (d)	13.1 ± 12.5	20.3 ± 17.6	8.3 ± 2.3	0.04
Follow-up (mo)	11.6 ± 9.6	9.2 ± 9.3	13.2 ± 9.7	0.28
Recurrent GIB rate	16 (53.3)	6 (50)	10 (55.6)	1.00
Endoscopies after VCE (number)	1.7 ± 2.2	1.8 ± 1.8	1.7 ± 2.5	0.97
Mortality rate	10 (33.3)	4 (33.3)	6 (33.3)	0.90

GIB: Gastrointestinal bleeding; LVAD: Left ventricular assist device; VCE: Video capsule endoscopy.