Total mesorectal excision for mid and low rectal cancer: Laparoscopic vs robotic surgery

Table 2 Perioperative outcomes n (%)

	L-TME	R-TME	P value
	(n = 58)	(n = 53)
Operative time1 (min)	192 (90-335)	342 (249-536)	< 0.001
Anastomosis			0.120
Mechanical transanal	54 (93.1)	53 (100)
Manual coloanal	4 (6.9)	0
Adjunctive procedure	8 (13.8)	5 (9.4)	0.562
Diverting ileostomy	43 (74.1)	41 (77.4)	0.825
Intraoperative blood loss2 (mL)	47.4 (0-400)	60.8 (0-400)	0.510
Conversion to laparotomy	1 (1.7)	2 (3.8)	0.605
Hospital stay1 (d)	8 (5-53)	6 (3-17)	< 0.001
First bowel movement1 (postoperative day)	1 (1-6)	1 (1-6)	0.904
Total morbidity	26 (44.8)	17 (32.1)	0.122
Surgical morbidity
Anastomotic leak	8 (13.8)	3 (5.7)	0.208
Peritoneal haemorrhage	2 (3.4)	1 (1.9)	0.534
Stomal stricture	3 (5.2)	1 (1.9)	0.620
Wound infection	2 (3.4)	0	0.496
Ileus	4 (6.8)	3 (5.7)	0.551
Abdominal pain3	2 (3.4)	3 (5.7)	0.457
Other surgical complications	5 (8.6)	3 (5.7)	0.410
Non surgical morbidity	11 (19.0)	6 (11.4)	0.302
Reoperation	8 (13.8)	3 (5.7)	0.208
Clavien-Dindo Classification			0.297
0	32 (55.2)	36 (67.9)
1	9 (15.5)	5 (9.4)
2	7 (12.1)	8 (15.1)
3a	2 (3.4)	1 (1.9)
3b	4 (6.8)	3 (5.7)
4a	2 (3.4)	0
4b	2 (3.4)	0

¹Median (range);

²Mean (range);

³Without other causes. L-TME: Laparoscopic total mesorectal excision; R-TME: Robotic total mesorectal excision.