Factors associated with increased incidence of severe toxicities following yttrium-90 resin microspheres in the treatment of hepatic malignancies

Table 1 Baseline characteristics

Characteristics	Values1
Patient characteristics (n = 58)
Sex
Female	28 (48.3)
Male	30 (51.7)
Race
White	44 (75.9)
Black	14 (24.1)
Age at primary diagnosis	57.64 ± 10.18 (32-84)
< 65	47 (81.0)
≥ 65	11 (19.0)
Primary diagnosis
Colorectal adenocarcinoma	30 (51.7)
Neuroendocrine	12 (20.7)
Cholangiocarcinoma	5 (8.6)
Other primaries	11 (19.0)
Age at liver diagnosis	58.45 ± 10.43 (32-86)
< 65	44 (75.9)
≥ 65	14 (24.1)
Liver steatosis	7 (12.1)
Number hepatic lesions
< 10	11 (19.0)
≥ 10	47 (81.0)
Prior treatment
None	6 (10.3)
Radiofrequency ablation	6 (10.3)
Surgery	11 (19.0)
TACE	3 (5.2)
EBRT	2 (3.4)
Chemotherapy	52 (89.7)
Number chemo regimens	1.78 ± 1.38 (0-7)
Treatment characteristics (n = 79)
Age at treatment	59.54 ± 10.99 (32-86)
Years from primary diagnosis	2.68 ± 2.79 (0.14-12.88)
Years from liver diagnosis	1.85 ± 1.80 (0.12-8.49)
< 65	53 (67.1)
≥ 65	26 (32.9)
KPS
< 80%	11 (13.9)
≥ 80%	68 (86.1)
Child-Pugh
A	74 (93.7)
B	5 (6.3)
MELD score	7.61 ± 1.49 (6-13)
Max primary index tumor size (mm)	61.03 ± 41.65 (9-223)
Sum primary index tumors (mm)	82.18 ± 49.08 (9-223)
Lobe treated
Right	55 (69.6)
Left	24 (30.4)
BMI (kg/m2)	26.5 ± 4.46 (18.40-36.65)
BSA (m2)	1.89 ± 0.24 (1.46-2.65)
Total liver
Volume (mL)	1927.67 ± 779.16 (1002-6243)
Tumor volume (mL)	336.56 ± 460.83 (5.1-3096)
% Tumor	14.35 ± 11.90 (0.27-49.59)
< 25%	62 (78.5)
≥ 25%	17 (21.5)
Treated liver
Volume (mL)	1124.06 ± 585.45 (346-3946)
Tumor volume (mL)	253.73 ± 435.82 (3-3096)
% Tumor	17.26 ± 16.97 (0.29-78.46)
< 25%	58 (73.4)
≥ 25%	21 (26.6)
Lung shunt (%)	7.11 ± 3.62 (1.3-17.4)
Calculated dose (mCi)	27.5 ± 9.68 (8.2-56.8)
Unadjusted2	47.61 ± 9.51 (22.9-77.7)
Administered dose (mCi)	27.48 ± 9.91 (8.2-56.9)
Unadjusted	47.76 ± 10.64 (10.6-77.8)
Difference in dose (mCi)	-0.02 ± 1.71 (-9.53-3.2)
% Difference	-0.25 ± 8.31 (-53.84-10.46)
Dose to lung (Gy)	3.4 ± 1.77 (0.55-8.41)
Intra-procedural complications
Stasis	10 (12.7)
Reflux

¹Values presented as numbers (percentage) or mean ± SD (range);

²Unadjusted indicates dose prior to being adjusted for lobar treatment. TACE: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization; EBRT: External beam radiation therapy; KPS: Karnofsky Performance Status; MELD: Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; BMI: Body mass index; BSA: Body Surface Area; mCi: Millicurie; Gy: Gray.