Hepatitis C virus NS5A promotes insulin resistance through IRS-1 serine phosphorylation and increased gluconeogenesis

Figure 6 Schematic representation of hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A induced insulin resistance. Based on our findings, a model has been proposed that depicts various check points in the insulin signaling pathway that gets modulated by nonstructural protein 5A (NS5A) protein. The up and down arrows represent upregulation and downregulation of proteins involved in insulin signaling cascades. The blunt headed line represents the check point that gets blocked by NS5A as this protein favors serine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) while under normal conditions tyrosine phosphorylation is known to take place. HCV: Hepatitis C virus.