Needle-knife fistulotomy vs double-guidewire technique in patients with repetitive unintentional pancreatic cannulations

Table 3 The success rate of biliary cannulation and the incidence of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis in double-guidewire technique in 5 randomized studies n (%)

Study	Study design	Patients screened	Patients randomized DGT	Timing of DGT	Success rate	Inadvertent success in DGT	PEP	Failure
Maeda et al[13], 2003	Single-center randomized study	107	27 (25)	Unsuccessful within 10 min	93%	NA	0%	NA
Herreros de Tejada et al[18], 2009	Multicenter randomized study	845	97 (11)	After 5 attempts	47%	18%	17%	10 more attempts
Angsuwatcharakon et al[16], 2012	Single-center randomized study	426	23 (5)	Unsuccessful within 10 min	73.9%	NA	21.7%	Another 10 min
Coté et al[27], 2012	Two-center randomized study	442	42 (10)	Unsuccessful within 6 min or 3 PD cannulations	54.8%	16.7%	2.4%	Another 6 min
Yoo et al[28], 2013	Single-center randomized study	1394	34 (2)	Unsuccessful within 10 min	79.4%	NA	38.2%	10 more attempts

PEP: Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis; DGT: Double-guidewire technique; PD: Pancreatic duct; NA: Not available.