Predisposing factors for positive D-Xylose breath test for evaluation of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth: A retrospective study of 932 patients

Table 2 Association of medical conditions and medications and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth n (%)

+XBT: 513	+XBT	-XBT	P value	OR (95%CI)
-XBT: 419	M: 56	M: 148		F:M
	F: 457	F: 271		4.46 (3.17-6.28)
	+PPI: 200	+PPI: 194
	-PPI: 313	-PPI: 225
GERD	171 (33)	113 (27)	0.04	1.35 (1.02-1.80)
	M: 22	M: 39
	F: 149	F: 74
	+PPI = 112	+PPI = 91
	-PPI = 59	-PPI = 22
Irritable bowel syndrome	77 (15)	47 (11)	0.09	1.40 (0.95-2.06)
	M: 3	M: 8
	F: 74	F: 39
	+PPI: 32	+PPI: 29
	-PPI: 45	-PPI: 18
PUD	51 (10)	17 (4)	< 0.01	2.61 (1.48-4.59)
	M: 6	M: 7
	F: 45	F: 10
	+PPI: 23	+PPI: 13
	-PPI: 28	-PPI: 4
Inflammatory bowel disease	20 (4)	12 (3)	0.39	1.38 (0.66-2.84)
	M: 2	M: 7
	F: 18	F: 5
Gastroparesis	52 (10)	22 (5)	< 0.01	2.04 (1.21-3.41)
	M: 5	M: 3
	F: 47	F: 19
Hypothyroidism	83 (16)	53 (13)	0.13	1.33 (0.91-1.93)
	M: 5	M: 8
	F: 78	F: 45
Diabetes mellitus	57 (11)	88 (21)	< 0.01	0.47 (0.33-0.68)
	M: 7	M: 33
	F: 50	F: 55
PPI	200 (39)	194 (46)	0.02	0.74 (0.57-0.96)
	M: 19	M: 69
	F: 181	F: 125
Narcotics	84 (16)	64 (15)	0.65	1.09 (0.76-1.55)
	M: 5	M: 23
	F: 79	F: 41
	+XBT: 45	+XBT: 36
	-XBT: 39	-XBT: 28
Steroids	36 (7)	14 (3)	0.01	2.18 (1.16-4.11)
	M:7	M: 9
	F: 29	F: 5
	+PPI: 20	+PPI: 8
	-PPI: 16	-PPI: 6
Anticholinergic drugs	52 (10)	38 (9)	0.58	1.13 (0.73-1.76)
	M: 1	M: 7
	F: 51	F: 31

Sub-analyses for gender and PPI were performed on those elements in Table 2 where the P value was below 0.05. Not a single subdivision by either gender or med PPI was associated with a significant difference in odds ratios between subsets. GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease; PUD: Peptic ulcer disease; PPI: Proton pump inhibitor; XBT: D-Xylose breath test.