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©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Co.
World J Gastroenterol. Mar 7, 2014; 20(9): 2279-2303
Published online Mar 7, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i9.2279
Published online Mar 7, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i9.2279
Gene | Protein | Mechanism of alteration in PDAC | Regulated processes in PDAC | Alteration in PDAC | Ref. |
Oncogenes | |||||
KRAS | KRAS | Point mutations | Cell proliferation and survival, motility, glucose transport, glycolysis, hexosamine synthesis, nonoxidative pentose phosphate pathway arm, glutaminolysis | > 95% | [73,94,259-261] |
AKT | AKT | Mutations, amplification | Signal transduction, lipogenesis, glucose transport | 10%-20% | [73,79-81,262-264] |
c-erbB2 | HER2 | Overexpression amplification | Proliferation, differentiation, survival | 20%-80% | [265-268] |
Myc | MYC | Amplification overexpression | Glycolysis, glutaminolysis, PDH inhibition | 70% | [55,73,82,94,269] |
Tumor suppressor genes | |||||
TP53 | p53 | Mutation and second allele deletion | Cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA repair, glucose transport, glycolysis, lipogenesis, ppp oxidative arm, glutaminolysis | 50%-80% | [270-273] |
Smad4/DPC4 | SMAD4 | Homozygous deletion, mutation and second allele deletion | Cell cycle, TGF-β signaling | 55% | [274-276] |
STK/LKB1 | LKB1 | Homozygous deletion, mutation and second allele deletion | Apoptosis, lipogenesis, energy production, protein synthesis | 5% | [277-279] |
CDKN2A/p16 | p16 | Homozygous deletion, mutation, hypermethylation | Cell cycle | 95% | [280-282] |
PTEN | PTEN | Hypermethylation, inhibition by miRNA | PI3K/AKT signaling pathway | 30%-70% | [79,283,284] |
- Citation: Swierczynski J, Hebanowska A, Sledzinski T. Role of abnormal lipid metabolism in development, progression, diagnosis and therapy of pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20(9): 2279-2303
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i9/2279.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i9.2279