Colon capsule endoscopy: Current status and future directions

Table 2 Complication rates reported from studies involving both first and second generation colon capsules n (%)

Ref.	Year	n	Complications		Major complications in detail
			Minor	Major
Schoofs et al[3]	2006	41	0	0	-
Eliakim et al[37]	2006	98	0	1	Perforation at colonoscopy
Van Gossum et al[10]	2009	320	26 (2.9%)	0	Associated to bowel preparation: 22/26
Eliakim et al[4]	2009	104	8 (7.7%)	1 (0.96%)	7/8 associated to bowel preparation
					1/1 urinary retention
Pilz et al[38]	2010	59	1 (1.69%)	1 (1.69%)	1/1 perforation nach Koloskopie
					1/1 skin reaction from capsule electrodes
Gay et al[39]	2010	128	0	0	-
Sacher-Huvelin et al[11]	2010	545	19 (3.5%)	3 (0.5%)	Heart failure, potentially associated to bowel preparation: patient died
					Bleeding at mucosectomy
					Perforation at colonoscopy
Spada et al[8]	2011	109	8 (6.8%)	1 (0.85%)	5/8 associated to bowel preparation
					2/8 fatigue
					1/8 pain
					1/1 perforation at colonoscopy
Herrerías-Gutiérrez et al[40]	2011	144	0	0	-
Hartmann et al[13]	2012	50	4 (8%)	1 (2%)	3/4 associated to bowel preparation
					1/1 perforation at colonoscopy
Kakugawa et al[14]	2012	64	1 (1.56%)	0	1/1 associated to bowel preparation
Total	-	1621	67 (4.1%)	8 (0.49%)	-

Most complications are suspected to derive from colonoscopy and/or bowel preparation regimen and not related to CCE. CEE: Colon capsule endoscopy.