©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastroenterol. Nov 14, 2014; 20(42): 15499-15517
Published online Nov 14, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i42.15499
Published online Nov 14, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i42.15499
Table 1 Vasodilating and vasoconstricting forces involved in disturbed haemodynamics in cirrhosis (Alphabetic order)
| Vasodilator systems |
| Adenosine |
| Adrenomedullin |
| Atrial natriuretic peptide |
| Bradykinin |
| Brain natriuretic peptide |
| Calcitonin gene-related peptide |
| Carbon monoxide |
| Endocannabinoids |
| Endothelin-3 |
| Endotoxin |
| Enkephalins |
| Glucagon |
| Histamine |
| Hydrogen sulphide |
| Interleukins |
| Natriuretic peptide of type C |
| Nitric oxide |
| Prostacyclin (PGI2) |
| Substance P |
| Tumour necrosis factor-α |
| Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide |
| Vasoconstrictor systems |
| Angiotensin II |
| Adrenaline and noradrenaline |
| Endothelin-1 |
| Neuropeptide Y |
| Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system |
| Sympathetic nervous system |
| Vasopressin |
- Citation: Møller S, Henriksen JH, Bendtsen F. Extrahepatic complications to cirrhosis and portal hypertension: Haemodynamic and homeostatic aspects. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20(42): 15499-15517
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i42/15499.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i42.15499