Intestinal microbiota pathogenesis and fecal microbiota transplantation for inflammatory bowel disease

Table 3 Donor selection for fecal microbiota transplantation

Absolute exclusion criteria[32,104,124]

Failed to provide informed consent

Systematic and local microbial infections (e.g., pathogenic bacteria, virus, ova and parasites)

Current communicable diseases

Malignancy and chemotherapeutics administration

Chronic gastrointestinal disorders

Peptic ulcer diseases

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

GI polyposis

Inflammatory bowel disease

Irritable bowel syndrome

Chronic constipation

Traveler’s diarrhea

Current GI symptoms

Antibiotics administration

Immunosuppressive agents and biological agents

Other medications impact on the gut microbiota (e.g., proton pump inhibitor, prokinetic agents, steroids, aspirin, probiotics, etc.)

High-risk lifestyles (e.g., intravenous drug abuse, risk sexual behaviors, etc.)

Relative exclusion criteria[32,104,124]

Age < 18 and > 70 yr

History of major GI surgery

Metabolic syndrome

Diabetes mellitus

Abnormal body mass index (< or > 18-25 kg/m2)

Systemic autoimmune disease

Atopic diseases(e.g., asthma and eczema)

Chronic pain syndromes (e.g., chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia)

Neuropsychiatric diseases