Association of autoimmune hepatitis and systemic lupus erythematodes: A case series and review of the literature

Table 2 Patient characteristics

	Case 1	Case 2	Case 3	Case 4	Case 5	Case 6
Demographic data
Age at time of diagnosis (yr)	43	59	40	60	27	45
Sex	Female	Female	Female	Female	Female	Female
Year of diagnosis	2012	2003	2006	2001	1994 (SLE)	1991
					2005 (AIH)
Laboratory tests
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	10.7	NA	NA	14.7	13	13.4
Leukocytes (/μL)	0.7	NA	NA	8.9	4.84	8.7
Platelets (/μL)	21	NA	NA	291	232	181
AST (U/L)	316	170	59	307	125	323
ALT (U/L)	99	164	53	298	185	413
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)	8.9	1	1.8	0.83	0.9	4.1
IgG (g/L)	44	19.3	6.77	10.13	29	29
C3 (mg/dL)	4.1	Normal	Low	NA	0.14	NA
C4 (mg/dL)	4.1	Normal	Low	NA	0.14	NA
ANA, homogeneous pattern (titer)	1:2560	1:320	1:640	1:1280	1:160	1:1280
SMA (titer)	1:2380	1:320	Negative	1:60	1:160	Negative
Anti-dsDNA (units)	39	941	Negative	Negative	37	> 200
RNP-Sm (immunoblot)	NA	Positive	NA	NA	Positive	NA
Liver biopsy (Grading/staging1)	Cirrhosis (G2/F4)	Cirrhosis (G1/F4)	Cirrhosis (G3/F4)	Fibrosis (G1/F3)	Fibrosis (G2/F1)	Fibrosis (G3/F3)
	Chronic hepatitis	Chronic hepatitis	Chronic hepatitis	Chronic hepatitis	Chronic hepatitis	Chronic hepatitis
		NASH			PSC
Clinical symptoms of SLE	Arthritis	Arthritis	Arthritis	Arthritis	Arthritis	Arthtitis
	Photosensitivity	Malar rash		Malar rash		Malar rash
	Oral ulcers
	Serositis
Therapy regime	Prednisolone	Prednisolone	Prednisolone	Prednisolone	Prednisolone	Prednisolone
	Azathioprine	MMF	Azathioprine	Azathioprine	Azathioprine	Azathioprine
	Hydroxychloroquine		Hydroxychloroquine	Hydroxychloroquine		Cyclophosphamide
				Cyclophosphamide
Course of disease	Remission	Remission	Remission	Remission	Remission	Remission
			Diagnosis of HCC in 2012

¹Scheuer classification for grading and staging of chronic hepatitis. AIH: Autoimmune hepatitis; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; ANA: Anti-nuclear antibodies; anti-dsDNA: Anti-double stranded DNA; anti-KLM-1: Anti-liver-kidney microsome type 1; anti-SMA: Anti-smooth muscle; AST: Aspartate transaminase; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; MMF: Mycophenolate mofetil; NASH: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; NA: Not applicable; PSC: Primary sclerosing cholangitis; SLE: Systemic lupus erythematodes.