Amifostine enhances the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of UW and HTK preservation solutions

Figure 2 Electron micrographs of liver ultrastructure from different preservation conditions. A: Hepatocyte from a normal rat. The nucleus (n = Ç) is rich in euchromatin and has a prominent nucleolus (n = ç). The cytoplasm is full of organelles and contains rough endoplasmic reticulum (GER), multiple mitochondria (m), and several peroxisomes (p); B: Low magnification micrograph of a UW + A group liver showing a sinusoid and surrounding hepatocytes. Sinusoidal endothelium (arrows) and microvilli in Disse’s space (Ds) are present, with a reticular fiber bundle in Disse’s space next to the arrow on the right. In addition to GER and smooth ER, several peroxisomes (p) and autophagic vacuoles (Ov) are visible in the cytoplasm of the mitochondria-rich hepatocytes. Indistinct microvilli and excessively dilated bile canaliculi (*) are also apparent, though the fine structure is preserved overall; C: Low magnification micrograph from the HTK + A group shows hepatocytes and sinusoids full of granulated material, containing one erythrocyte. Mitochondria (m) and peroxisomes (p) are evident, with patchy cisternae of GER scattered between. Membranous structures were not clearly distinguished around the sinusoid. Multiple autophagic vacuoles containing degenerated organelles (arrowheads) are visible in the cytoplasm. A bile canaliculus has a dilated lumen and there is moderate/weak preservation of fine structures; D: Micrograph of hepatocytes from the RL group. The nucleus (N) of the middle hepatocyte is rich in euchromatin and its nucleolus is observed. In addition to the organelles found in the control group, the cytoplasm contains a few lipid droplets. The presence of GER is prominent at the perinuclear region of the cell. In addition to multiple mitochondria, more organelles with degenerative changes are observed when compared to the control group.