Surgical failure after colonic stenting as a bridge to surgery

Table 4 Comparison of factors related to surgical failure and success in patients achieving technical success n (%)

	Surgical failure(n = 13)	Surgical success(n = 53)	P value
Patient-related factor
Age > 70 yr	6 (46.2)	20 (37.7)	0.578
Male	10 (76.9)	36 (67.9)	0.727
BMI < 18.5 kg/m2	3 (23.1)	1 (1.9)	0.004
Previous IA surgery	3 (23.1)	16 (30.2)	0.612
Anemia	9 (69.2)	28 (52.8)	0.286
Leukocytosis	2 (15.4)	14 (26.4)	0.406
Hypoalbuminemia	6 (46.2)	11 (20.8)	0.061
ASA 1-2	12 (92.3)	47 (88.7)	0.703
Tumor-related factor
WD and MD cancer	13 (100)	50 (94.3)	0.380
TNM stage III-IVA	12 (92.3)	32 (60.4)	0.029
Obstructive site			0.511
Sigmoid flexure	0 (0)	5 (9.4)
Descending colon	0 (0)	6 (11.3)
Sigmoid-descending area	2 (15.4)	7 (13.2)
Sigmoid colon	5 (38.5)	17 (32.1)
Recto-sigmoid colon	6 (46.2)	18 (34.0)
Flexure area	8 (61.5)	30 (56.6)	0.747
Stent-related factor
Uncovered	6 (46.2)	27 (50.9)	0.757
Diameter ≤ 22 (mm)	9 (62.5)	34 (64.2)	0.731
Length ≥ 10 (cm)	8 (61.5)	27 (50.9)	0.493
Multiple SEMS	4 (30.8)	1 (1.9)	< 0.001
Interval from SEMS to surgery (d)	9.8 (0-26)	12.1 (4-26)	0.354
Hospital stay after surgery (d)	15.4 (7-44)	11.7 (6-55)	0.151

BMI: Body mass index; IA: Intra-abdominal; ASA: American society of anesthesiologists; WD: Well-differentiated cancer; MD: Moderate-differentiated cancer; SEMS: Self-expanding metal stents.