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World Journal of Gastroenterology
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1007-9327
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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©2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastroenterol. Aug 28, 2014; 20(32): 11182-11198
Published online Aug 28, 2014. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i32.11182
Table 2 Selected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma modifiable risk factors
Risk factorIncreased PDAC risk
Current cigarette use1.7-2.2
Current pipe or cigar use1.5
> 3 alcoholic drinks per day1.2-1.4
Chronic pancreatitis13.3
BMI > 40 kg/m2, male1.5
BMI > 40 kg/m2, female2.8
Diabetes mellitus, type 12.0
Diabetes mellitus, type 21.8
Cholecystectomy1.2
Gastrectomy1.5
Helicobacter pylori infection1.4
PDAC: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas; BMI: Body mass index.
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