Current management of hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 3 Independent predictors of recurrence and survival in patients undergoing resection for hepatocellular carcinoma

Ref.	No. of patients	Variables
Belghiti et al[50] 1991	47	Tumor size ≥ 5 cm
		AFP levels ≥ 100 ng/mL
Llovet et al[4] 1999	77	Differentiation degree
		Multinodularity
		Satellites
Imamura et al[42] 2003	184	Early recurrence (< 2 yr)
		Microvascular invasion
		AFP levels ≥ 32 ng/mL
		Non-anatomical resection
		Late recurrence (> 2 yr)
		Higher grade of hepatitis activity
		Multinodularity
		Gross tumor classification
Roayaie et al[41] 2009	131	Invasion of a vessel with a muscular wall
		Tumor size > 10 cm
Survival
Llovet et al[4] 1999	77	Portal hypertenstion
		Bilirubin level (> 1 mg/dL)
Wayne et al[47] 2002	249	Child-Pugh (B)
		Differentiation degree
		(Edmonson-Steiner 1-2 vs 3-4)
		Fibrosis
		(Ishak score 0-4 vs 5-6)
Vauthey et al[51] 2002	557	Vascular invasion
		Multinodularity
		Tumor size (> 5 cm)
		Fibrosis
Poon et al[52] 2003	518	Vascular invasion
		Tumor size (> 5 cm)
		Multinodularity
		Cirrhosis
		AST > 50 U/L
		Invasion of adjacent organs
Roayaie et al[41] 2009	131	Invasion of a vessel with a muscular wall
		Invasion > 1 cm from tumor

AFP: Alpha-fetoprotein.