Hepatitis B virus infection in Latin America: A genomic medicine approach

Table 3 Hepatitis B virus genotypes, clinical and serological characteristics and type of liver damage in Mexico and Central America n (%)

Ref.	Country	Study population	n	HBsAg	Anti-HBc	HBV genotypes1								Diagnosis
				Positive		A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H
Sanchez et al[107], 2002	Mexico	HBV-infected adults	15	13 (87)	6 (40)	3 (20)	-	-	1 (7)	-	10 (67)	1 (7)	-	AH in 30%;
														CH in 27%;
														cirrhosis in 7%.
Sanchez et al[50], 2007		HBV-infected patients	67	67 (100)	NA	10 (15)	-	-	4 (6)			4 (6)	44 (66)	AH in 15%;
														CH in 48%
Ruiz-Tachiquin et al[151], 2007		Blood donors and HBV-infected patients	33	33 (100)	NA	-	-	4 (12)			1 (3)	-	26 (79)	Asymp in 64%; CH in 36%
Roman et al[98], 2010		Native adults	306	17 (5.6)	100 (32.7)	6 (24)	1 (4)	2 (8)	4 (16)		-	1 (4)	11 (44)	OHB in 14.2%; asymp in 100%
Arauz-Ruiz et al[115], 1997	Central America:	HBV-infected patients, blood donors and pregnant woman	330	330 (100)	71 (21)	13 (14)	-	1 (1)	5 (6)		71 (79)	-		CH in 21%;
	Costa Rica, Nicaragua,										F1a; F1b; F2			AH in 16%
	Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala
Leon et al[122], 2005	Costa Rica	HBV-infected patients	50	32 (64)	18 (36)	-	-	-	2 (4)	-	48 (96)	-		CH in 47%;
														HCC in 16%
Kato et al[123], 2005	Panama	HBV-infected patients	2	NA	NA	-	-	-	-		2 (100)	-	-	NA
											F1, F3
Martinez et al[124], 2013		Chinese residents	320	42 (13)		-	11 (61)	7 (39)	-	-	-	-	-	No evident liver disease
							B2	C1
Andernach et al[125], 2009	Haití	Pregnant woman	320	320 (100)		128 (71)	-	-	40 (22)	11 (6)	-	-	-	NA
						A1, A2, A5			D3, D4
Couto et al[126], 2013		Haitian’s in South Florida	27	NA	NA	-	-	-	19 (79)	-	-	-	-	NA

¹The percentage of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes is according to the number of samples that were sequenced. Subgenotypes are reported. NA: Not available; Asymp: Asymptomatic; AH: Acute hepatitis; CH: Chronic hepatitis; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; OHB: Occult hepatitis B.