Impairment of gastrointestinal quality of life in severely obese patients

Table 4 Items in the questionnaire of gastrointestinal quality-of-life index and scores in each item

Item	Morbid obesity	Normal control	P value
Symptoms
Abdominal pain	3.4 ± 0.7	3.4 ± 0.7	NS
Feeling of abdominal fullnessb	2.7 ± 1.0	3.1 ± 0.9
Abdominal bloating (too much gas)	3.2 ± 0.9	3.1 ± 1.0	NS
Trouble with flatulence	3.1 ± 1.0	3.1 ± 0.9	NS
Trouble with burping or belching	3.4 ± 0.8	3.5 ± 0.8	NS
Trouble with gurgling abdominal noisesb	3.6 ± 0.6	3.4 ± 0.8
Trouble with bowel frequency	3.4 ± 0.8	3.5 ± 0.8	NS
Enjoyed eatingb	2.0 ± 1.1	2.5 ± 1.1
Need for restricted eatingb	2.9 ± 1.1	3.4 ± 0.9
Regurgitationa	3.5 ± 0.8	3.7 ± 0.7
Trouble with slow speed of eatingb	3.6 ± 0.7	3.8 ± 0.5
Trouble with dysphagia	3.8 ± 0.5	3.9 ± 0.1	NS
Trouble with bowel urgencya	3.7 ± 0.6	3.8 ± 0.5
Trouble with diarrheab	3.3 ± 0.8	3.5 ± 0.8
Trouble with constipation	3.4 ± 0.9	3.5 ± 0.8	NS
Trouble with nausea	3.5 ± 0.7	3.6 ± 0.7	NS
Trouble with blood in stool	3.8 ± 0.5	3.8 ± 0.5	NS
Trouble with heartburna	3.6 ± 0.8	3.7 ± 0.8
Trouble with incontinencea	3.9 ± 0.2	4.0 ± 0.2
Emotional items
Coping with every day stress	2.5 ± 0.8	2.6 ± 0.8	NS
Sadness about illnessb	2.5 ± 1.2	3.4 ± 1.1
Nervousness or anxious about illnessb	2.8 ± 1.1	3.3 ± 0.8
Happiness with life in generalb	2.3 ± 1.1	2.8 ± 1.0
Frustration about illnessb	2.5 ± 1.2	3.5 ± 0.8
Physical items
Trouble with fatigue	2.7 ± 1.1	2.8 ± 1.0	NS
Feeling unwell	2.8 ± 0.9	2.9 ± 0.9	NS
Wake-up at nightb	3.1 ± 1.1	3.4 ± 0.9
Trouble with changes in appearanceb	2.1 ± 1.4	3.6 ± 0.7
Loss of physical strengthb	2.1 ± 1.2	3.4 ± 0.8
Loss of endurance through illnessb	2.1 ± 1.2	3.1 ± 1.0
Feeling unfitb	2.2 ± 1.2	3.2 ± 1.0
Social items
Coping with daily activitiesb	2.8 ± 1.1	3.5 ± 0.8
Taking part in leisure activitiesb	2.8 ± 1.1	3.3 ± 1.0
Bothered by medical treatmentb	2.8 ± 1.0	3.7 ± 0.6
Trouble of personal relationshipb	3.3 ± 1.0	3.6 ± 0.7
Sexual life impairmentb	3.0 ± 1.2	3.8 ± 0.6

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs preoperative data. NS: Not significant.