Risk factors and therapeutic results of early local recurrence after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization

Table 1 Baseline patient characteristics n (%)

Characteristic	Total patients, n = 134
Male sex	89 (66.4)
Age, yr, mean ± SD	63.1 ± 10.4
Etiology of primary hepatic tumor
Viral hepatitis B infection	73 (54.5)
Viral hepatitis C infection	24 (17.9)
Alcohol consumption	22 (16.4)
Others	9 (6.7)
Viral infection + alcohol consumption	6 (4.5)
Decompensated cirrhosis	51 (38.1)
Child-Pugh class (A/B/C)	93 (69.4)/39 (29.1)/2 (1.5)
Portal hypertension (present)	93 (69.4)
Tumor related characteristics
Tumor maximal diameter, median (range)	2.6 (1.0-12.7)
Tumor number (single/multiple)	88 (65.7)/46 (34.3)
Portal vein thrombosis (present)	9 (6.7)
Well defined/infiltrating	131 (97.8)/3 (2.2)
Ruptured HCC	4 (3.0)
Tumor staging (AJCC 7th edition)
Stage I	84 (62.7)
Stage II	36 (26.9)
Stage IIIA/IIIB/IIIC	7 (5.2)/5 (3.7)/-
Stage IVA/IVB	-/2 (1.5)
Laboratory finding
Total bilirubin, mg/dL, median (range)	0.90 (0.20-5.20)
Prothrombin time, s, mean ± SD	13.41 ± 2.10
Albumin, mg/dL, mean ± SD	3.61 ± 0.53
TACE no. to CR (1/2/3/≥ 4)	107/19/5/3 (79.9/14.2/3.7/2.2)

AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; SD: Standard deviation; TACE: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization; CR: Complete response.