Deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in cirrhotic patients: Systematic review

Table 1 Hemostasis changes in chronic liver disease patients

Factors favoring anticoagulant state	Factors favoring prothrombotic state
Thrombocytopenia (decreased thrombopoietin, splenic sequestration)	Decreased liver synthesis of antithrombin III, protein C, protein S
Thrombocytopathy (impaired platelet function)	Elevated von Willebrand factor levels
Vitamin K deficiency	Increased factor VIII levels
Decreased synthesis of coagulation factors including Factor II, VII, IX, X, V, fibrinogen	Genetic predispositions like Factor V Leiden
Reduced clearance of tissue plasminogen activator