Neo-adjuvant therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma before liver transplantation: Where do we stand?

Table 3 Studies of bridging therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma before liver transplant n (%)

Ref.	Treatment	Tumor stage (n)	Number of treatments	Exclusion for LT	Tumor progression	Waiting time to LT (mo)	Intention to treat survival	Transplanted patients	Patient survival after LT
Graziadei et al[9]	TACE	Within MC (48)	2.5 (1-8)	MC	0 (0)	6.0 (0.9-15)	94% at 5 yr	41 (85)	94% at 5 yr
Yao et al[69]	TACE, RFA, PEI, resection	Within MC (70)	3.1 (1-8)	UCSF	18 (26)	6.1	57% at 3 yr	38 (54)	NA
Hayashi et al[29]	TACE	Within MC (20)	?	MC	4 (20)	11.4 ± 9.8	61% at 5 yr	12 (60)	100% at 4 yr
Maddala et al[27]	TACE	Within MC (47),	3 (1-4)	MC	6 (11)	7.0 (1-36)	61% at 5 yr	46 (85)	74% at 5 yr
		Beyond MC (7)
Mazzaferro et al[33]	RFA	Within MC (40),	1	MC	0 (0)	9.5 (2-47)	NA	50 (100)	83% at 3 yr
		Beyond MC (10)
Lu et al[34]	RFA	Within MC (42),	1.5	MC	3 (6)	12.7	74% at 3 yr	41 (79)	76% at 3 yr
		Beyond MC (10)
Millonig et al[10]	TACE	Within MC (68)	2.7 ± 1.7	UCSF	2 (3)	9.0 (1.2-34)	70% at 5 yr	66 (97)	NA
De Luna et al[32]	TACI	Within MC (95)	1.8 ± 1.1	MC	6 (6)	11.4 (1.0-133)	85% at 3 yr	68 (72)	82.4% at 3 yr

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; LT: Liver transplant; TACE: Transarterial chemoembolization; MC: Milan criteria; RFA: Radiofrequency ablation; PEI: Percutaneous ethanol injection; UCSF: University of California at San Francisco; TACI: Transarterial chemo-infusion; NA: Not available.