Positive predictors for gastroesophageal reflux disease and the therapeutic response to proton-pump inhibitors

Table 3 Parameters associated with a pathological symptom index

Parameters	Sensitivity	Specificity	PPC	NPV	OR (univ)	Pval (univ)	OR (mult)	Pval (mult)
Group A
pH-metry	0.39	0.81	0.61	0.63	2.67	< 0.001	2.04	0.004
Gender	0.54	0.5	0.46	0.58	1.18	0.44	1.1	0.681
Bmi	0.49	0.6	0.49	0.6	1.42	0.077	1.14	0.547
Heartburn	0.7	0.52	0.54	0.69	2.6	< 0.001	1.28	0.34
Regurgitation	0.7	0.6	0.58	0.72	3.42	< 0.001	2.73	< 0.001
Globus sensation	0.49	0.59	0.48	0.6	1.4	0.092	1.35	0.174
Burning tongue	0.22	0.77	0.43	0.56	0.97	0.97	0.66	0.113
Coughing	0.47	0.6	0.48	0.59	1.36	0.129	1.18	0.49
Hoarseness	0.43	0.66	0.5	0.6	1.46	0.062	1.15	0.553
Fullness	0.58	0.58	0.52	0.64	1.91	0.001	1.34	0.206
Nausea	0.34	0.8	0.57	0.61	2.11	0.001	1.13	0.665
Vomiting	0.12	0.93	0.59	0.58	2	0.048	1.56	0.252
Halitosis	0.26	0.74	0.44	0.56	1.03	0.958	0.65	0.085
Bile taste	0.29	0.78	0.5	0.58	1.42	0.129	1.01	0.952
Imp path	0.34	0.84	0.63	0.62	2.77	< 0.001	2.26	0.002
Smoking	0.07	0.93	0.44	0.56	1.01	1	1.1	0.808
Alcohol	0.22	0.74	0.4	0.55	0.81	0.402	0.85	0.537
Group B
pH-metry	0.33	0.91	0.7	0.68	5.03	< 0.001	3.28	0.006
Gender	0.49	0.47	0.37	0.6	0.86	0.687	0.86	0.678
BMI	0.42	0.54	0.36	0.6	0.85	0.642	0.59	0.115
Heartburn	0.66	0.41	0.41	0.66	1.36	0.353	1.32	0.492
Regurgitation	0.65	0.44	0.42	0.67	1.5	0.198	1.19	0.664
Globus sensation	0.43	0.6	0.4	0.63	1.13	0.776	0.84	0.62
Burning tongue	0.21	0.77	0.37	0.61	0.9	0.895	1.08	0.841
Coughing	0.5	0.61	0.45	0.66	1.58	0.128	1.56	0.22
Hoarseness	0.36	0.71	0.44	0.64	1.42	0.299	1.34	0.43
Fullness	0.51	0.55	0.42	0.64	1.3	0.407	1.21	0.588
Nausea	0.33	0.7	0.41	0.62	1.13	0.791	1	0.995
Vomiting	0.15	0.93	0.56	0.63	2.26	0.101	1.67	0.347
Halitosis	0.27	0.74	0.39	0.62	1.02	1	1.05	0.907
Bile taste	0.3	0.71	0.39	0.62	1.05	0.989	0.84	0.653
Imp path	0.5	0.84	0.66	0.73	5.23	< 0.001	4.84	< 0.001
Smoking	0.1	0.93	0.5	0.62	1.66	0.431	2.06	0.21
Alcohol	0.23	0.8	0.43	0.62	1.24	0.643	1.03	0.941

PPV: Positive predictive value; NPV: Negative predictive value; pH/MII: pH-metry/impedance measurement.