Venous thromboembolism in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: Focus on prevention and treatment

Table 2 Published guidelines for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in inflammatory bowel disease patients

Scientific society (reference)	Recommendations	Type of population at risk
European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation (ECCO)[29]	Mechanical thromboprophylaxis and/or heparin administration (UH or LMWH)	UC
European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation (ECCO)[28]	Consider VTE prophylaxis (UH, LMWH, or fondaparinux) in all hospitalised patients	CD
British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG)[31]	Pharmacological VTE prophylaxis for hospitalised patients with severe UC	UC
American College of Gastroenterology (ACG)[30]	VTE prophylaxis with heparin for hospitalised patients with severe UC	UC
American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP)[27]	Mechanical thromboprophylaxis with GCS or IPC; anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis with LMWH, UH or fondaparinux when bleeding risk decreases	Acutely ill hospitalised medical patients at increased risk of thrombosis who are bleeding or at high risk of bleeding

GCS: Graduated compression stockings; IPC: Intermittent pneumatic compression; CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis; VTE: Venous thromboembolism; LMWH: Low molecular-weight heparin; UH: Unfractionated heparin.