TIPS improves liver transplantation-free survival in cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites: An updated meta-analysis

Table 5 Results of each study and pooled estimations of recurrence of ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, severe hepatic encephalopathy, gastrointestinal bleeding and hepatorenal syndrome by sensitivity analysis

Ref.	Liver-transplantation			Liver-disease-related mortality			Non-liver-disease-related mortality			Recurrence ascites			HE			Severe HE			Hepatorenal syndrome
	TIPS	Para	OR (95%CI)	TIPS	Para	OR (95%CI)	TIPS	Para	OR (95%CI)	TIPS	Para	OR (95%CI)	TIPS	Para	OR (95%CI)	TIPS	Para	OR (95%CI)	TIPS	Para	OR (95%CI)
Lebrec et al[10]	0/13	1/12	0.28 (0.01-7.67)	41438	4/12	1.71 (0.34-8.68)	3/13	0/12	8.33 (0.39-180.36)	10/13	11/12	0.30 (0.03-3.41)	3/13	0/12	8.33 (0.39-180.36)	2/13	0/12	5.43 (0.24-125.59)	-	-	-
Rössle et al[9]	0	2/31	0.52 (0.04-6.04)	10/29	20/31	0.29 (0.10-0.84)	5/29	3/31	1.94 (0.42-8.99)	14/29	26/31	0.18 (0.05-0.60)	6/29	3/31	2.43 (0.55-10.82)	-	-	-	-	-	-
Ginés et al[8]	7/35	7/35	1.00 (0.31-3.23)	-	-	-	-	-	-	17/35	29/35	0.20 (0.06-0.59)	27/35	23/35	1.76 (0.61-5.05)	21/35	12/35	2.88 (1.09-7.60)	3/35	11/35	0.20 (0.05-0.81)
Sanyal et al[11]	16/52	17/57	1.05 (0.46-2.37)	13/52	13/57	1.13 (0.47-2.72)	5/52	6/57	0.90 (0.26-3.16)	22/52	48/57	0.14 (0.06-0.34)	22/52	13/57	2.48 (1.08-5.68)	15/52	10/57	1.91 (0.77-4.73)	-	-	-
Salerno et al[12]	4/33	4/33	1.00 (0.23-4.39)	10/33	16/33	0.46 (0.17-1.27)	3/33	4/33	0.72 (0.15-3.53)	13/33	32/33	0.02 (0.00-0.17)	20/33	13/33	2.37 (0.88-6.35)	14/33	10/33	1.69 (0.61-4.67)	3/33	5/33	0.56 (0.12-2.56)
Narahara et al[13]	0/30	0/30	-	8/30	13/30	0.48 (0.16-1.41)	9/30	8/30	1.18 (0.38-3.63)	22/30	27/30	0.31 (0.07-1.29)	20/30	5/30	10.00 (2.94-34.01)	-	-	-	-	-	-
Total	28/192	31/198	0.94 (0.53-1.67)	47/157	66/163	0.62 (0.39-0.98)a	25/157	21/163	1.27 (0.68-2.38)	98/192	173/198	0.15 (0.09-0.24)b	98/192	57/198	2.95 (1.87-4.66)b	52/133	32/137	2.18 (1.27-3.76)b	6/68	16/68	0.32 (0.12-0.86)a
Subgroup without the study by Lebrec et al, 1996	28/179	30/186	0.98 (0.54-1.77)	41/144	62/151	0.56 (0.34-0.91)a	22/144	21/151	1.11 (0.57-2.14)	88/179	162/186	0.14 (0.08-0.24)b	95/179	57/186	2.86 (1.80-4.54)b	50/120	32/125	2.10 (1.21-3.67)b	-	-	-

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01; No significant heterogeneity was observed among these meta-analyses (I² = 0%-31%). All of these meta-analyses were performed under the fixed-effect model. TIPS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt; Para: Paracentesis; HE: Hepatic encephalopathy.