Concepts of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in Crohn’s disease

Figure 3 Two proposed mechanisms through which linoleic acid could increase the production of interleukin-8 via the activation of arachidonic acid pathways. By the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase enzymes to activate Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), increasing interleukin (IL)-8 production; or by the use of AA metabolites to increase IL-8 production. LTs: Leukotrienes; Tx: Thromboxane.