Consumption of spicy foods and the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome

Table 3 Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios and 95%CI for irritable bowel syndrome across different categories of spicy foods consumption, stratified by gender

	Consumption of spicy foods (times/wk)					Ptrend
	Never	1-3	4-6	7-9	≥10
Men
Crude	1.00	1.38 (0.88-2.17)	1.48 (0.92-2.37)	1.81 (1.03-3.16)	1.62 (0.85-3.08)	0.07
Model I	1.00	1.32 (0.79-2.22)	1.34 (0.78-2.31)	1.78 (0.95-3.32)	1.78 (0.87-3.60)	0.10
Model II	1.00	1.27 (0.75-2.14)	1.35 (0.78-2.33)	1.69 (0.89-3.19)	1.8 (0.88-3.67)	0.17
Model III	1.00	1.16 (0.67-2.01)	1.26 (0.71-2.24)	1.55 (0.79-3.04)	1.65 (0.78-3.48)	0.22
Model IV	1.00	1.18 (0.68-2.05)	1.27 (0.71-2.27)	1.55 (0.79-3.04)	1.64 (0.78-3.48)	0.29
Women
Crude	1.00	1.26 (0.75-2.12)	1.44 (0.87-2.40)	1.5 (0.89-2.55)	1.96 (1.14-3.37)	< 0.01
Model I	1.00	1.38 (0.78-2.43)	1.58 (0.90-2.78)	1.57 (0.87-2.81)	2.14 (1.18-3.88)	< 0.01
Model II	1.00	1.32 (0.75-2.35)	1.53 (0.87-2.68)	1.43 (0.79-2.52)	2.05 (1.12-3.73)	< 0.01
Model III	1.00	1.3 (0.72-2.33)	1.45 (0.81-2.59)	1.38 (0.75-2.52)	2.13 (1.15-3.95)	0.01
Model IV	1.00	1.26 (0.70-2.27)	1.41 (0.79-2.52)	1.34 (0.73-2.44)	2.03 (1.09-3.77)	0.02

Model I: Adjusted for age and gender; Model II: Adjusted for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking, dietary supplements and oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use and self-reported diabetes; Model III: Adjusted for age, gender, BMI, smoking, dietary supplements and OCP use, self-reported diabetes, meal regularity, chewing quality, fluid intakes, pattern of tea consumption and dental status; Model IV: Adjusted for all variables in model III and lactose intolerance.