Aberrant TGF-β1 signaling contributes to the development of primary biliary cirrhosis in murine model

Table 2 mRNA levels of transforming growth factor-β1 transforming growth factor-β receptorI, transforming growth factor-β receptorII, Smad2, Smad3, α-smooth muscle actin and α1 (I) collagen in mouse model and control mice

	Control mice	Mouse model
		week 8	week 24
TGF-β1	1.7 ± 0.4	7.0 ± 1.8b	8.9 ± 1.8b
TβRI	0.8 ± 0.2	2.8 ± 0.7b	5.1 ± 1.5b
TβRII	0.6 ± 0.01	1.9 ± 0.9b	5.1 ± 0.1b
Smad2	0.6 ± 0.3	3.8 ± 1.1b	2.0 ± 0.3b
Smad3	0.9 ± 0.4	1.7 ± 0.8a	3.4 ± 0.6b
α-SMA	0.8 ± 0.4	1.8 ± 0.1a	1.7 ± 0.3b
α1 (I) collagen	1.1 ± 1.2	11.0 ± 1.5b	11.8 ± 0.6b

The mRNA fold changes were calculated using glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase as a control. Values were expressed as mean ± SD from 3 independent experiments.

^aP < 0.05,

^bP < 0.01 vs control mice. TGF: Transforming growth factor; TβR: TGF-β receptor; SMA: Smooth muscle actin.