Induction of clinical response and remission of inflammatory bowel disease by use of herbal medicines: A meta-analysis

Table 3 Results obtained from sub-analyses based on plant type

Plant	IBD type	Study	Patients reported AE		Clinical efficacy		Endoscopic efficacy		Histological efficacy		Recurrence relapse
			Any AE	Serious AE	Clinical remission	Clinical response	Endoscopic remission	Endoscopic response	Histological remission	Histological response
Aloe vera	UC	16	0.70 (0.25-2.08)	-	4.20 (0.84-24.84)	3.27 (1.06-12.13)	1.48 (0.44-5.84)	1.69 (0.69-5.04)	0.64 (0.25-1.81)	0.86 (0.55-1.55)	-
Andrographis paniculata	UC	17	0.94 (0.75-1.20)	1.01 (0.22-4.65)	1.41 (0.92-2.23)	1.32 (0.98-1.84)	1.32 (0.93-1.93)	-	-	-	-
Artemisia absinthium	CD	18	-	1.00 (0.06-16.69)	-	9.61 (0.73-126.15), P = 0.09	-	-	-	-	-
	CD	19	-	-	27.00 (3.23-260.81)		-	-	-	-	-
Boswellia serrata	CD	20	0.82 (0.66-1.04), P = 0.11	0.95 (0.27-3.31), P = 0.94	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.95 (0.52-1.73)
	Collagenous colitis	21			2.34 (1.02-6.07)	-	-	-	-	-	-
Triticum aestivum	UC	22	-	-	-	2.18 (1.19-4.78)	-	-	-	-	-

Results are expressed as relative risk (95%CI). AE: Adverse event; CD: Crohn’s disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis; IBD: Inflammatory bowel disease.