Clinical significance of heterotopic gastric mucosal patch of the proximal esophagus

Table 4 Complications of heterotopic gastric mucosa of the proximal esophagus reported in the literature

Clinico-pathological classification	Conditions	Status	Numbers based on PubMed literature search
Type III	Stricture	Reported	6
	Web	Reported	4
	Bleeding	Reported	1
	Fistula	Reported	4
	Perforation	Reported	2
	Polyp1	Reported	4
Type IV2	Dysplasia
	Low grade	Reported	None
	High grade	Reported	3[32-34]
Type V2	Adenocarcinoma
	Early (pT1 tumor)	Reported	13[35-48]
	Advanced	Reported	19[33,49-54]

References for type III cases reported in the literature not included in the reference list.

¹Not included in the original classification proposed by von Rahden et al[1];

²Number of cases of neoplastic transformation identified through literature searches up till December 2011.