Clinical significance of heterotopic gastric mucosal patch of the proximal esophagus

Table 2 Prevalence of symptoms reported to be associated with heterotopic gastric mucosa of the proximal esophagus in adult

Ref.	Symptoms reported	Prevalence of LPR symptoms		P value
		HGMPE (+ve)	HGMPE (-ve)
Chong et al[8]	Overall LPR symptoms	73.1%	25.9%	< 0.001
	Chronic cough	29.2%	10.6%	< 0.01
	Sore throat/hoarseness	54.2%	11.7%	< 0.01
	Globus	23.1%	7.1%	< 0.01
	Regurgitation	42.3%	13.1%	< 0.01
	Heartburn	50.0%	22.5%	< 0.01
Akbayir et al[15]	Upper esophageal and laryngopharyngeal symptoms	45%	21.5%	= 0.07
Baudet et al[21]	Dysphagia	21%	4.0%	< 0.001
Poyrazoglu et al[22]	Dysphagia	39.4%	0%	< 0.05
Alagozlu et al[23]	Globus	78.6%	0%	< 0.05
	Dyspepsia	88.2%	97.8%	NS
1Neumann et al[24]	Dysphagia/odynophagia	20.8%	16.4%	< 0.001
	Upper respiratory symptoms	2.5%	0.9%	< 0.001
	Globus	1.6%	0.3%	< 0.001
Weickert et al[25]	Recurrent hoarseness	9.1%	5.6%	= 0.5
	Dysphagia (any grade upper and lower)	15.2%	9.4%	NS
	Heartburn (any grade upper and lower)	15.2%	9.4%	NS

¹In the study by Neumann et al, the symptoms presented are symptom recorded as indications for endoscopy. HGMPE: Heterotopic gastric mucosa of the proximal esophagus; LPR: Laryngopharyngeal reflux; NS: Not significant.