Stepwise sedation for elderly patients with mild/moderate COPD during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

Table 1 Demographic data and clinical characteristics of the study population

Parameter	Group
	Cs (n= 43)	Cc (n= 43)	Ns (n= 41)	Nc (n= 41)
Sex: male/female	35/8	34/9	30/11	30/11
Age: yr, mean ± SD	74.5 ± 2.5	74.2 ± 2.3	77.6 ± 4.6	76.7 ± 4.6
(range)	(71-80)	(71-80)	(71-88)	(71-90)
Weight: kg, mean ± SD	56.3 ± 6.4	56.8 ± 6.6	56.5 ± 7.0	57.2 ± 6.5
(range)	(45-70)	(48-71)	(46-73)	(47-71)
Alcohol consumption: Y/N	7/36	5/38	6/35	4/37
Smoking: Y/N	28/15	26/17	24/17	22/19
COPD classification
I	28	30
II	15	13
ASA classification
I	0	0	35	37
II	11	13	6	4
III	32	30	0	0
Major endoscopic findings
Chronic superficial gastritis	14	11	13	15
Chronic atrophic gastritis	5	6	4	5
Gastric ulcer	6	5	7	4
Duodenal ulcer	8	7	9	6
Gastric cancer	3	4	2	3
Gastric polyp	2	3	2	4
Esophagus cancer	2	3	1	2
Reflux esophagitis	3	4	3	2

Group Cs: COPD with stepwise sedation; Group Cc: COPD with continuous sedation; Group Ns: Non-COPD with stepwise sedation; Group Nc: Non-COPD with continuous sedation; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology; Y/N: Yes/no.