Active treatments are a rational approach for hepatocellular carcinoma in elderly patients

Table 2 Cox regression analysis for survival time

Variable	Significance	HR	95%CI for HR
			Lower	Upper
Age	0.020	1.021	1.003	1.040
Gender	0.652	1.079	0.775	1.503
HBsAg	0.029	1.598	1.051	2.432
anti-HCV	0.036	1.503	1.027	2.198
AFP	0.000	1.314	1.135	1.521
L3	0.288	1.004	0.997	1.012
DCP	0.005	1.216	1.061	1.395
Child-Pugh class
A	0.000
B	0.000	2.307	1.562	3.408
C	0.001	3.373	1.617	7.035
Tumor stage1
I	0.000
II	0.148	1.504	0.865	2.616
III	0.051	1.751	0.997	3.074
IV	0.000	5.715	2.985	10.939
Therapy category
Loco-regional	0.000
IVR	0.000	2.567	1.800	3.661
Chemotherapy	0.000	2.861	1.675	4.889
Others	0.000	6.151	2.505	15.107

¹General rules for the clinical and pathological study of primary liver cancer from Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan. HR: Hazard ratio; AFP:α-fetoprotein; L3: Percentage of fucosylated fraction in AFP; DCP: Des-γ-carboxy prothrombin; Loco-regional: Therapies including resection, radiofrequency ablation, microwave coagulation and percutaneous ethanol injection; IVR: Interventional radiology including transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and transarterial oily chemoembolization; Chemotherapy: Therapies including hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy, systemic chemotherapy and molecular targeting therapy; Others: Other therapies including stereotactic body radiation, proton beam and liver transplantation; HCV: Hepatitis C virus; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen.