Factors influencing clinical outcomes of Histoacryl® glue injection-treated gastric variceal hemorrhage

Table 2 Procedures, clinical outcomes, and complications n (%)

Procedures and clinical factors	n = 90	mean ± SD
Type of gastric varix
GOV1	40 (44.4)
GOV2	30 (33.3)
IGV1	18 (20.0)
IGV2	1 (1.1)
Combination of variceal type	1 (1.1)
Size of gastric varices, cm		2.1 ± 0.9
Concurrent esophageal varix
No	28 (31.1)
Yes	62 (68.9)
Bleeding stigmata observed by endoscopy
Yes	71 (78.9)
Initial hemostasis
Yes	88 (97.8)
Early re-bleeding
Yes	9 (10.0)
Late re-bleeding
Yes	19 (21.1)
Early complications
No	77 (85.6)
Non-significant systemic embolization	4 (4.4)
Pneumonia	4 (4.4)
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis	1 (1.1)
Infection elsewhere	3 (3.3)
Late complications
No	88 (97.8)
Infection elsewhere	1 (1.2)
Mean aliquot used/procedure		3.0 ± 1.7
Follow-up clinical status
Dead	19 (21.1)
Worsening	3 (3.3)
Stable	8 (8.9)
Improved	60 (66.7)
Causes of death (n = 19)
Bleeding-related	4 (4.4)
Infection	9 (10.0)
Liver failure	1 (1.1)
Cardiovascular diseases	2 (2.2)
Renal failure	1 (1.1)
Bowel gangrene	2 (2.2)