Does antecolic reconstruction for duodenojejunostomy improve delayed gastric emptying after pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy? A systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 1 General characteristics of the included studies

Ref.	Country	Study period	Design	Group	Patients	M/F	Mean age (yr)	Etiology of malignancy	Quality score
Kurosaki et al[16]	Japan	1996-2002	N-RCT	AG	25	13/12	651	25 (100)	1
				RG	19	10/9	611	17 (89.5)
Hartel et al[18]	Germany	1996-2003	N-RCT	AG	100	41/59	61 (53-71)2	70 (70)	2
				RG	100	46/54	65 (53-74)2	75 (75)
Murakami et al[17]	Japan	1994-2006	N-RCT	AG	78	46/32	67 ± 11	49 (62.8)	2
				RG	20	10/10	66.7 ± 12.2	16 (80)
Tani et al[19]	Japan	2002-2004	RCT	AG	20	11/9	63.1 ± 9.21	16 (80)	3
				RG	54	36/18	64 ± 12	39 (72.2)
Chijiiwa et al[20]	Japan	2005-2007	RCT	AG	17	11/6	69.7 ± 11.0	12 (70.6)	2
				RG	18	9/9	66.9 ± 12.9	16 (88.9)

¹Medians;

²medians with ranges in parentheses. RCT: Randomized controlled trial; N-RCT: Non-randomized controlled trial; AG: Antecolic group; RG: Retrocolic group; M/F: Male/female.