Association of chronic viral hepatitis B with insulin resistance

Table 2 Means and frequencies of metabolic risk factors associated with hepatitis B virus status in men and women (mean ± SD)

Variables	Negative (n = 1292)	Recovery from hepatitis B (n = 1956)	Chronic hepatitis B (n = 603)	P value1
Hepatitis B virus status in men
Age (yr)	44.4 ± 11.7	51.4 ± 9.4	50.8 ± 10.7	0.000
Body mass index (kg/m2)	24.5 ± 2.9	24.5 ± 2.7	24.7 ± 2.9	0.493
Waist circumference (cm)	86.0 ± 7.7	86.5 ± 7.0	87.3 ± 7.8	0.004
Percentage body fat (%)	22.5 ± 5.7	22.8 ± 4.6	23.0 ± 5.0	0.094
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	126.4 ± 15.5	126.3 ± 15.0	126.1 ± 15.6	0.922
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	196.0 ± 33.2	196.8 ± 33.1	195.5 ± 34.5	0.680
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	142.8 ± 84.5	135.6 ± 79.2	135.2 ± 78.2	0.029
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)	51.0 ± 12.7	50.9 ± 12.8	50.4 ± 11.4	0.602
Cystatin C (mg/L)	0.96 ± 0.15	0.98 ± 0.16	1.02 ± 0.22	0.000
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)	90.7 ± 15.3	92.1 ± 14.4	91.9 ± 14.4	0.039
Fasting insulin (μU/mL)	5.47 ± 3.38	5.29 ± 3.10	6.12 ± 4.62	0.000
HOMA index	1.24 ± 0.86	1.22 ± 0.80	1.43 ± 1.24	0.000
QUICKI index	0.386 ± 0.065	0.386 ± 0.044	0.385 ± 0.134	0.922
Mffm index	8.41 ± 2.43	8.58 ± 2.31	8.39 ± 2.63	0.072
Hepatitis B virus status in women
Age (yr)	45.9 ± 10.7	50.9 ± 9.3	51.6 ± 10.3	0.000
Body mass index (kg/m2)	23.2 ± 3.0	23.7 ± 2.7	24.0 ± 2.9	0.000
Waist circumference (cm)	78.3 ± 8.6	79.8 ± 8.0	80.5 ± 8.5	0.000
Percentage body fat (%)	29.6 ± 6.8	30.4 ± 4.6	31.0 ± 4.9	0.000
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	121.3 ± 15.4	123.0 ± 15.5	124.5 ± 14.3	0.000
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	193.3 ± 35.4	197.9 ± 35.0	198.1 ± 34.3	0.000
Triglyceride (mg/dL)	102.0 ± 63.5	106.4 ± 66.2	100.3 ± 47.5	0.061
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dL)	118.3 ± 31.6	123.2 ± 31.8	123.7 ± 31.7	0.000
Cystatin C (mg/L)	0.84 ± 0.15	0.87 ± 0.15	0.90 ± 0.16	0.000
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)	88.0 ± 14.6	88.7 ± 13.7	88.3 ± 12.9	0.357
Fasting insulin (μU/mL)	4.57 ± 2.82	4.62 ± 2.67	5.06 ± 3.10	0.010
HOMA index	1.02 ± 0.76	1.03 ± 0.67	1.13 ± 0.87	0.033
QUICKI index	0.401 ± 0.056	0.398 ± 0.051	0.392 ± 0.045	0.013
Mffm index	9.77 ± 2.62	9.58 ± 2.53	9.36 ± 2.25	0.006

¹Analysis of variance except triglyceride (Kruskal-Wallis test). HDL: High-density lipoprotein; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; HOMA: Homeostasis model assessment; QUICKI: Quantitative insulin check index.