Celiac disease: Prevalence, diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment

Table 4 Possible clinical manifestations of celiac disease[8] (printed with permission)

Typical symptoms	Atypical symptoms	Associated conditions
Chronic diarrhea	Secondary to malabsorption	Possible gluten dependent
Failure to thrive	Sideropenic anemia	IDDM
Abdominal distention	Short stature	Autoimmue thyroiditis
	Osteopenia	Autoimmune hepatitis
	Recurrent abortions	Sjogren syndrome
	Hepatic steatosis	Addison disease
	Recurrent abdominal pain	Autoimmune atrophic gastritis
	Gaseousness	Autoimmune emocytopenic diseases
	Independent of malabsorption	Gluten independent
	Dermatitis herpetiformis	Down syndrome
	Dental enamel hypoplasia	Turner syndrome
	Ataxia	Williams syndrome
	Alopecia	Congenital heart defects
	Primary biliary cirrhosis	IgA deficiency
	Isolated hypertransaminasemia
	Recurrent aphthous stomatitis
	Myasthenia gravis
	Recurrent pericarditis
	Psoriasis
	Polyneuropathy
	Epilepsy
	Vasculitis
	Dilatative cardiomyopathy
	Hypo/hyperthyroidism

IgA: Immunoglobulin A; IDDM: Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.