Chronic methadone use, poor bowel visualization and failed colonoscopy: A preliminary study

Table 1 Exclusion criteria for patient enrollment

Patient with history of

Diabetes, neurological or any thyroid dysfunction

Active inflammatory bowel disease

Scleroderma

Chronic constipation

Chronic diarrhea

Any acute or chronic renal insufficient or on hemodialysis

Radiation to colon

Colectomy, or hemi-colectomy

Positive stool studies for any pathogen

Iron replacement therapy

Fentanyl, dilaudid, or any other opioids

Pancreatic insufficiency or pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy

Tricyclic antidepressants

Colonoscopy performed on emergent basis or on unstable patients

Colonoscopy report without comment on adequacy of bowel preparation or bowel images