Concomitant lung metastasis in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 4 Univariate and multivariate analyses to identify prognostic factors of overall survival for hepatocellular carcinoma patients presenting with lung metastasis

Variables	P value
	Univariate analysis	Multivariate analysis
Sex
Male/female	0.988	–
Age (yr)
< 50/≥ 50	0.423	–
Etiology
Non-hepatitis/hepatitis	0.111	–
Cirrhosis
Absence/presence	0.36	–
ECOG score
2000/1/2	0.012	0.3
Child-Pugh score
A/B	< 0.001	< 0.001
Ascites
No/yes	0.031	0.879
Platelet (-3)
< 100/≥ 100	0.198	–
Albumin (g/L)
< 37.7/≥ 37.7	0.134	–
ALT (IU/L)
< 40/≥ 40	0.734	–
AST (IU/L)
< 40/≥ 40	0.356	–
Total bilirubin (μmol/L)
< 17.1/≥ 17.1	0.319	–
Prothrombin time (s)
< 14.0/≥ 14.0	0.251	–
AFP (ng/mL)
< 400/≥ 400	0.03	0.384
Maximum intrahepatic tumor diameter (cm)
< 8.0/≥ 8.0	0.039	0.214
Intrahepatic tumor number
Solitary/multiple or diffuse	0.279	–
Intrahepatic tumor location
Single lobe/both lobes	0.435	–
Portal vein tumor thrombus
No/yes	< 0.001	< 0.001
Hepatic vein tumor thrombus
No/yes	0.031	0.194
Lung metastatic tumor number
Solitary/multiple	0.018	0.321
Lung metastatic tumor location
Single lobe/both lobes	0.156	–
Maximum metastasis diameter (cm)
< 2.5/≥ 2.5	0.129	–
Treatment modality
No/yes	< 0.001	< 0.001

The cutoffs of continuous variable were set according to median value. ECOG: Eastern cooperative oncology group; ALT: Alanine transaminase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; AFP: α-fetoprotein.