Protective effect of alcohol consumption for fatty liver but not metabolic syndrome

Table 1 The adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for the metabolic syndrome and fatty liver

	Men odds ratio (95% CI)	P value	Women odds ratio (95% CI)	P value
For MetS defined by rATP III
The grade of alcohol consumption
Light	0.98 (0.83-1.15)	0.77	0.48 (0.27-0.82)	0.008
Moderate	0.88 (0.75-1.04)	0.14	0.9 (0.5-1.65)	0.74
Excess	1.18 (1.01-1.39)	0.043	0.96 (0.37-2.48)	0.93
Age	1.01 (1-1.02)	< 0.001	1.08 (1.05-1.1)	< 0.001
The usage of drugs	4.95 (4.3-5.69)	< 0.001	7.46 (4.96-11.24)	< 0.001
Wine consumers	1.13 (0.67-1.9)	0.66	0.52 (0.24-1.15)	0.11
Regular exercisers	0.6 (0.51-0.71)	< 0.001	0.6 (0.38-0.94)	0.027
Smoking states
Ex smoker/non smoker	1.21 (1.03-1.41)	0.017	0.89 (0.48-1.65)	0.72
Current smoker/non smoker	1.13 (0.97-1.33)	0.12	1.07 (0.58-1.98)	0.83
For MetS defined by IDF
The grade of alcohol consumption	0.93 (0.75-1.14)	0.46	0.36 (0.19-0.69)	< 0.001
Light	0.78 (0.63-0.97)	0.029	0.61 (0.3-1.25)	0.18
Moderate	1.08 (0.87-1.33)	0.48	1.14 (0.45-2.9)	0.78
Excess	1 (0.99-1.01)	0.66	1.08 (1.05-1.1)	< 0.001
Age	3.64 (3.05-4.34)	< 0.001	4.85 (3.09-7.63)	< 0.001
The usage of drugs	0.78 (0.37-1.65)	0.52	0.6 (0.26-1.35)	0.22
Wine consumers	0.64 (0.51-0.79)	< 0.001	0.55 (0.34-0.92)	0.021
Regular exercisers
Smoking states	1.3 (1.06-1.59)	0.01	1.03 (0.54-1.97)	0.93
Ex smoker/non smoker	1.09 (0.89-1.35)	0.39	1.07 (0.54-2.1)	0.85
Current smoker/non smoker
For fatty liver
The grade of alcohol consumption
Light	0.69 (0.6-0.79)	< 0.001	0.54 (0.34-0.88)	0.012
Moderate	0.72 (0.63-0.83)	< 0.001	0.43 (0.21-0.88)	0.021
Excess	0.74 (0.64-0.85)	< 0.001	1.02 (0.44-2.35)	0.97
Age	1 (0.99-1)	0.21	1.06 (1.04-1.08)	< 0.001
The usage of drugs	2.09 (1.83-2.38)	< 0.001	2.17 (1.4-3.38)	< 0.001
Wine consumers	0.85 (0.53-1.35)	0.48	0.59 (0.3-1.15)	0.12
Regular exercisers	0.67 (0.59-0.77)	< 0.001	0.76 (0.52-1.13)	0.17
Smoking states
Ex smoker/non smoker	1.24 (1.09-1.41)	< 0.001	0.38 (0.18-0.79)	0.01
Current smoker/non smoker	0.92 (0.81-1.05)	0.21	1 (0.57-1.74)	1
For high BMI
The grade of alcohol consumption
Light	0.86 (0.75-0.99)	0.034	0.64 (0.43-0.97)	0.036
Moderate	0.85 (0.73-0.98)	0.026	0.59 (0.33-1.06)	0.077
Excess	0.9 (0.78-1.05)	0.18	1.1 (0.53-2.31)	0.8
Age	0.99 (0.98-0.99)	< 0.001	1.04 (1.02-1.06)	< 0.001
The usage of drugs	2.19 (1.91-2.51)	< 0.001	1.77 (1.15-2.74)	0.01
Wine consumers	0.79 (0.48-1.29)	0.34	0.68 (0.39-1.21)	0.19
Regular exercisers	0.93 (0.81-1.06)	0.29	0.69 (0.48-0.99)	0.047
Smoking states
Ex smoker/non smoker	1.19 (1.04-1.36)	0.013	0.56 (0.32-0.97)	0.037
Current smoker/non smoker	0.99 (0.87-1.14)	0.92	0.95 (0.58-1.57)	0.85
For high waist circumferences
The grade of alcohol consumption
Light	0.96 (0.81-1.13)	0.61	0.71 (0.51-0.97)	0.03
Moderate	0.89 (0.75-1.06)	0.21	0.57 (0.36-0.9)	0.016
Excess	1.06 (0.89-1.27)	0.5	1.06 (0.58-1.93)	0.85
Age	1 (0.99-1.01)	0.85	1.07 (1.06-1.09)	< 0.001
The usage of drugs	2.35 (2.01-2.74)	< 0.001	1.64 (1.14-2.36)	0.007
Wine consumers	0.63 (0.32-1.23)	0.18	0.68 (0.43-1.07)	0.095
Regular exercisers	0.71 (0.6-0.84)	< 0.001	0.69 (0.52-0.92)	0.012
Smoking states
Ex smoker/non smoker	1.26 (1.07-1.49)	0.005	0.93 (0.64-1.35)	0.69
Current smoker/non smoker	1.04 (0.88-1.23)	0.67	0.91 (0.6-1.37)	0.64
For high blood pressure
The grade of alcohol consumption
Light	1.33 (1.16-1.53)	< 0.001	1.22 (0.85-1.75)	0.27
Moderate	1.47 (1.27-1.7)	< 0.001	1.97 (1.26-3.07)	< 0.001
Excess	2.24 (1.93-2.59)	< 0.001	3.13 (1.71-5.72)	< 0.001
Age	1.04 (1.03-1.05)	< 0.001	1.07 (1.06-1.09)	< 0.001
The usage of drugs	6.16 (5.33-7.13)	< 0.001	16.09 (10.87-23.83)	< 0.001
Wine consumers	1.09 (0.68-1.73)	0.73	0.72 (0.42-1.23)	0.23
Regular exercisers	0.81 (0.71-0.93)	< 0.001	0.8 (0.57-1.12)	0.19
Smoking states
Ex smoker/non smoker	1.01 (0.88-1.15)	0.93	0.78 (0.5-1.23)	0.28
Current smoker/non smoker	0.67 (0.59-0.77)	< 0.001	0.73 (0.45-1.18)	0.2
For high plasma glucose
The grade of alcohol consumption
Light	1 (0.88-1.13)	0.94	1.52 (1.11-2.08)	0.009
Moderate	1.23 (1.08-1.4)	< 0.001	1.46 (0.95-2.25)	0.085
Excess	1.38 (1.2-1.58)	< 0.001	2.66 (1.49-4.76)	< 0.001
Age	1.03 (1.03-1.04)	< 0.001	1.07 (1.06-1.09)	< 0.001
The usage of drugs	2.05 (1.79-2.33)	< 0.001	1.88 (1.29-2.72)	< 0.001
Wine consumers	1.78 (1.17-2.72)	0.007	0.56 (0.33-0.96)	0.034
Regular exercisers	0.76 (0.68-0.86)	< 0.001	0.92 (0.68-1.24)	0.58
Smoking states
Ex smoker/non smoker	1.22 (1.08-1.38)	< 0.001	0.68 (0.44-1.05)	0.083
Current smoker/non smoker	0.94 (0.83-1.06)	0.31	0.67 (0.42-1.06)	0.087
For low HDL-c
The grade of alcohol consumption
Light	0.7 (0.61-0.8)	< 0.001	0.58 (0.42-0.79)	< 0.001
Moderate	0.49 (0.42-0.57)	< 0.001	0.43 (0.27-0.69)	< 0.001
Excess	0.41 (0.35-0.48)	< 0.001	0.48 (0.24-0.96)	0.039
Age	1.01 (1-1.01)	0.082	1.01 (1-1.02)	0.055
The usage of drugs	3.4 (2.96-3.9)	< 0.001	4.24 (2.97-6.03)	< 0.001
Wine consumers	0.79 (0.47-1.32)	0.37	0.9 (0.6-1.35)	0.61
Regular exercisers	0.71 (0.62-0.82)	< 0.001	0.68 (0.52-0.91)	0.009
Smoking states
Ex smoker/non smoker	1.06 (0.92-1.22)	0.45	0.64 (0.43-0.95)	0.027
Current smoker/non smoker	1.65 (1.44-1.9)	< 0.001	1.47 (1.03-2.11)	0.036
For high triglycerides
The grade of alcohol consumption
Light	0.89 (0.76-1.03)	0.11	0.37 (0.19-0.74)	0.005
Moderate	1.01 (0.87-1.18)	0.88	1.27 (0.68-2.35)	0.45
Excess	1.34 (1.16-1.56)	< 0.001	1.2 (0.45-3.2)	0.72
Age	1 (0.99-1)	0.19	1.06 (1.04-1.09)	< 0.001
The usage of drugs	3.06 (2.67-3.51)	< 0.001	11.13 (7.07-17.53)	< 0.001
Wine consumers	0.83 (0.49-1.4)	0.48	0.92 (0.43-1.99)	0.83
Regular exercisers	0.68 (0.59-0.79)	< 0.001	0.73 (0.44-1.21)	0.22
Smoking states
Ex smoker/Non smoker	1.26 (1.09-1.46)	< 0.001	0.99 (0.49-2.01)	0.98
Current smoker/Non smoker	1.44 (1.24-1.66)	< 0.001	1.91 (1.02-3.55)	0.042

BMI: Body mass index; HDL-c: High density lipoprotein cholesterol; rATP III: Revised National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III; IDF: International Diabetes Federation.