Hemorrhoids: From basic pathophysiology to clinical management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology

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1007-9327

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastroenterol. May 7, 2012; 18(17): 2009-2017
Published online May 7, 2012. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i17.2009

Table 1 Current management of internal hemorrhoids by grade

Treatments	GradeI	Grade II	Grade III	Grade IV	Acute thrombosis or strangulation
Dietary and lifestyle modification	×	×	×	×	×
Medical treatment	×	×	×-selected
Non-operative treatment
Sclerotherapy	×	×
Infrared coagulation	×	×
Radiofrequency ablation	×	×
Rubber band ligation	×	×	×-selected
Operative treatment
Plication		×	×
DGHAL		×	×
Hemorrhoidectomy		×-selected	×	×	×-emergency
Stapled hemorrhoidopexy			×	×

DGHAL: Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation; ×: Applicable.

Citation: Lohsiriwat V. Hemorrhoids: From basic pathophysiology to clinical management. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18(17): 2009-2017
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v18/i17/2009.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v18.i17.2009

Lohsiriwat V. Hemorrhoids: From basic pathophysiology to clinical management. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18(17): 2009-2017 [PMID: 22563187 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i17.2009]

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