Helicobacter pylori's virulence and infection persistence define pre-eclampsia complicated by fetal growth retardation

Table 3 Leukocytes, platelets and liver enzymes in normal and pathological pregnancies

Variable	Normal values in Italian female population range	Controls (n = 49) Median (25th-75th)	All PE (n = 49) Median (25th-75th)	PE-only (n = 17) Median (25th-75th)	PE FGR (n = 32) Median (25th-75th)	FGR-only (n = 13) Median (25th-75th)	P value2
Total leukocyte count (1 × 103/μL)	4.00-11.00	10.56 (9.21-11.65)3756	12.03 (10.69-14.1)3	12.34 (10.71-13.83)5	11.83 (10.2-14.51)6	12.27 (11.21-13.47)7	30.004; 70.045
							50.007; 60.024
Neutrophils (1 × 103/μL)		8.27 (7.45-9.19)	10.09 (7.30-11.6)	10.15 (7.81-12.10)	9.92 (7.30-11.51)	9.34 (6.27-9.48)	NS
(%)	45.0-73.0	75.8 (68.1-78.8)	76.7 (68.37-87.1)	80 (72.5-90.1)	72.1 (68.2-83.6)	64.4 (57.3-77.3)	NS
Lymphocytes (1 × 103/μL)		2.02 (1.68-2.26)	2.08 (1.3-3.06)	1.86 (1.22-2.34)	2.08 (1.31-3.07)	3.15 (2.13-3.79)	NS
(%)	19.0-47.0	18.7 (14-23.5)	17.4 (10.8-22.43)	14.55 (8.9-18.15)8	18.8 (11.1-23.2)	25.9 (17.4-34.3)8	80.047
Monocytes (1 × 103/μL)		0.54 (0.47-0.74)	0.59 (0.3-0.85)	0.61 (0.25-0.81)	0.58 (0.3-0.88)	0.89 (0.54-1.05)	NS
(%)	3.0-9.0	5.4 (4.5-6)	5.3 (3-7.3)	4.15 (2.15-7.75)	5.4 (3.5-7.3)	6.1 (4.9-7.9)	NS
Eosinophils (1 × 103/μL)		0.15 (0.09-0.19)3	0.05 (0.02-0.1)3	0.04 (0.02-0.11)	0.05 (0.03-0.1)	0.17 (0.03-0.33)	30.028
(%)	0.2-4.4	1.2 (0.9-1.8)3	0.5 (0.2-0.8)3	0.35 (0.1-0.8)	0.5 (0.2-0.8)	1.7 (0.2-2.4)	30.020
Basophils (1 × 103/μL)		0.02 (0.01-0.03)	0.02 (0.01-0.03)	0.03 (0.01-0.03)	0.02 (0.01-0.03)	0.01 (0-0.04)	NS
(%)	0.1-1.3	0.2 (0.1-0.3)	0.2 (0.1-0.3)	0.2 (0.15-0.25)	0.2 (0.1-0.3)	0.1 (0-0.3)	NS
Platelets (1 × 103/μL)	150-400	219 (170-240)5	187 (126-228)	170 (111-214)58	191 (143-234)	235 (177-285)8	50.024; 80.031
Platelets1 (1 × 103/μL)	150-400	219 (170-240)	191 (161-234)	180.5 (154-228)	191 (165-242)	235 (177-285)	NS
ALT (U/L)	< 34	15 (10-19)35	23 (14-46)3	26 (19-150)58	19.5 (13.5-35)	14 (10-21.5)8	30.006; 50.002; 80.026
ALT1 (U/L)	< 34	15 (10-19)3	20 (14-31)3	25 (15-46)	18 (13-27)	14 (10-21.5)	30.023
AST (U/L)	< 31	17.5 (14-19)3	21 (16-39)34	25 (16-123)8	20 (16-35.5)9	14 (12-18)489	30.029; 40.018; 80.031; 90.026
AST1 (U/L)	< 31	17.5 (14-19)	19 (15.5-33)	19 (15-39)	18.5 (16-32)	14 (12-18)	NS

¹Hemolysis-elevated liver enzymes-low platelets cases excluded;

²P values were calculated by non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis H test, with post-hoc analysis by Mann-Whitney U test.

³Comparison between controls and all PE group;

⁴Comparison between all PE and FGR-only groups;

⁵Comparison between controls and PE-only group;

⁶Comparison between controls and PE FGR group;

⁷Comparison between controls and FGR-only group;

⁸Comparison between PE-only and FGR-only groups;

⁹Comparison between PE-only and FGR-only groups. ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; NS: Non significant; PE: Pre-eclampsia; FGR: Fetal growth retardation.