Ages of celiac disease: From changing environment to improved diagnostics

Table 2 Old and new celiac disease before and after the identification of age of anti-endomysium anti-bodies

	Old CD, Pre-AEA age	New CD, Post-AEA age
Pathogenesis	Immune, intestinal	Autoimmune, systemic
Diagnosis	AGA + 3 biopsies	AEA + 1 biopsy
Prevalence	Rare 1:500-1:5000	Frequent 1:100 worldwide
Clinical picture	Malabsorption syndrome	Autoimmune disorders Malabsorption syndrome
Intestinal pathology	Severe villous atrophy and criptae hypertrophy	Severe villous atrophy and criptae hypertrophy or increased mucosal lymphocytes (latent celiac disease)

CD: Celiac disease; AGA: Age of gliadin antibodies; AEA: Age of anti-endomysium anti-bodies.