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World J Gastroenterol. Jun 28, 2011; 17(24): 2897-2908
Published online Jun 28, 2011. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i24.2897
Published online Jun 28, 2011. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i24.2897
Factors | Risk level |
Race/sex: Male; black; Ashkenazi Jewish descent. Exposures: obesity; smoking; diabetes mellitus; Helicobacter pylori infection.Family history: Cancer history in a first-degree relative; history of pancreatic cancer in one first-degree relative. Inherited conditions: Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer; familial adenomatous polyposis; BRCA1 mutation carrier | Low (less than 5-fold) |
Family history: History of pancreatic cancer in two first-degree relatives. Inherited conditions: cystic fibrosis; BRCA2 mutation carrier. Comorbidity: Chronic pancreatitis | Moderate (5- to 10-fold) |
Inherited conditions: FAMMM kindreds with p16 germline mutation and at least one case of pancreatic cancer in a first-degree or second-degree relative; hereditary pancreatitis; Peutz–Jeghers syndrome; BRCA2 or BRCA1 mutation carrier with at least one case of pancreatic cancer in a first-degree or second-degree relative. Family history: Three or more first-degree; second-degree or third-degree relatives with pancreatic cancer | High (greater than 10-fold) |
- Citation: Zavoral M, Minarikova P, Zavada F, Salek C, Minarik M. Molecular biology of pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17(24): 2897-2908
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v17/i24/2897.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v17.i24.2897