Pre-operative factors that can predict neoplastic polypoid lesions of the gallbladder

Table 3 Comparative data for the prevalence of the demographic, laboratory and sonographic findings between the benign polyp group and the malignant polyp group for the 65 neoplastic polypoid lesions of the gallbladder (mean ± SD) n (%)

	Total(n = 65)	Benign(n = 35)	Malignant(n = 30)	P
Age (yr)	49.8 ± 13.5	47.2 ± 12.4	65.6 ± 7.39	< 0.001
Age > 65 yr	51 (24.3)	31 (17.2)	20 (66.7)	0.002
Gender, male	109 (51.9)	95 (52.6)	14 (46.7)	0.535
BMI (kg/m2)	23.9 ± 2.97	24.0 ± 3.03	23.8 ± 2.66	0.835
Obesity	79 (38.2)	67 (37.2)	12 (40.0)	0.583
Hypertension	34 (16.3)	25 (13.8)	9 (30.0)	0.244
Diabetes mellitus	46 (21.9)	25 (13.8)	21 (70.0)	< 0.001
Hypercholesterolemia	19 (29.2)	10 (28.6)	7 (10.9)	0.830
RUQ pain	13 (6.2)	6 (4.1)	7 (10.9)	0.534
Total bilirubin (g/dL)	1.22 ± 3.41	0.89 ± 0.41	3.2 ± 6.17	0.166
ALP (g/dL)	69.3 ± 60.9	63.4 ± 20.0	104.9 ± 150.5	0.142
AST (IU/dL)	33.2 ± 61.9	26.6 ± 20.9	72.8 ± 151.3	0.106
ALT (IU/dL)	34.5 ± 42.0	29.2 ± 23.3	67.3 ± 9.09	0.033
Size (mm)	16.1 ± 8.20	14.3 ± 6.3	26.7 ± 10.0	< 0.001
Size >15 mm	45 (69.2)	17 (48.6)	28 (93.3)	< 0.001
Location				0.705
Fundus	40 (61.5)	21 (60.0)	20 (66.7)
Body	18 (27.7)	10 (28.6)	8 (26.7)
Neck	3 (6.0)	2 (4.2)	1 (1.5)
No. of polyps				0.534
Multiple	13 (20.0)	8 (22.9)	5 (16.7)
Solitary	52 (80.0)	27 (77.1)	25 (83.3)
Hyperechoic spots				0.912
No	56 (86.2)	30 (85.7)	26 (86.7)
Yes	9 (13.8)	5 (14.3)	4 (13.3)
Echogenecity				0.180
Hyperechoic	34 (52.3)	21 (60.0)	13 (43.3)
Hypoechoic or isoechoic	31 (47.7)	14 (40.0)	17 (56.7)
Echo pattern				0.016
Homogeneous	30 (46.2)	21 (60.0)	9 (30.0)
Inhomogeneous	35 (53.8)	14 (40.0)	21 (70.0)
Sonographic surface pattern				0.135
Smooth surface	45 (69.2)	27 (77.1)	18 (60.0)
Nodular surface	20 (30.8)	8 (22.9)	12 (40.0)

BMI: Body mass index; RUQ: Right upper quadrant; ALP: Alkaline phosphatase; AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine transaminase; Obesity: BMI higher than 25 kg/m².