Patterns of local recurrence in rectal cancer after a multidisciplinary approach

Table 2 Relative incidence of sub-site locations of pelvic recurrences

Authors (yr)	Treatment	Axial or central (%)				Lateral (%)	Other (%)
		Anastomotic(perianastomotic)	Anterior(genitourinary)	Posterior(presacral)	Perineal
Gunderson et al[31]	Pre-TME surgery	-1	40	19	31	10
Pilipshen et al[32] (1968-1976)	Pre-TME surgery	40	10		402	10
Hruby et al[33] (1979-1996)	Pre-TME surgery	21	10.7	47	11	11
Dutch Trial[41] (1996-1999)	TME surgery	24	18	32	5	18	2.5
Dutch Trial[41] (1996-1999)	sRT+ TME	13	16	41	-	25	2.7
Syk et al[40] (1995-1999)	sRT +TME	373	30	10		18
Yu et al[54] (1989-2001)	CRT+ CRT	-	44	28	-	10	18.0
Hötch et al[12] (1998-2001)	RT+TME		604	29		10
Kim et al[56] (2001-2005)	CRT+TME		205			80
Kusters et al[58] (1993-2002)	Unilateral EL	25	-	16	16	406
Kusters et al[58] (1993-2002)	Bilateral EL	20	10	16	16	40

APR: Abdominoperineal resection; Anast: Anastomotic; perin: Perineal; Ant: Anterior.

¹0% were APR;

²Post + perineum;

³Anast + ant;

⁴Perin + ant + anast;

⁵Axial o central;

⁶20% ipsilateral and 20% contralateral. TME: Total mesorectal excision; sRT: Short-term preoperative radiotherapy; EL: Extended lymphadenectomy; CRT: Chemoradiotherapy.