Prognostic factors in the surgical treatment of caudate lobe hepatocellular carcinoma

Table 1 Clinical and pathologic characteristics of 114 HCC patients

Characteristics	n (%)
Age (yr)
≤ 65	89 (77)
> 65	25 (23)
Gender
Male	87 (76)
Female	27 (24)
Cirrhotic liver
No	36 (32)
Yes	78 (68)
Tumor size (cm)
≤ 5	50 (44)
> 5	64 (56)
Serum AFP (ng/mL)
≤ 200	69 (61)
> 200	45 (39)
Subsegmental location
Spiegel lobe	39 (34)
Paracaval portion	54 (47)
Caudate process	21 (19)
Tumor number
Solitary	91 (80)
Multiple	23 (20)
Pringle maneuver
No	34 (30)
Yes	80 (70)
Surgical treatment
Isolated caudate lobectomy	78 (68)
Extended hepatectomy	36 (32)
Surgical margin (mm)
≤ 5	47 (41)
> 5	67 (59)
Histologic grading
Differentiated	96 (84)
Undifferentiated	18 (16)
Capsule
No	95 (93)
Yes	19 (17)
Vascular invasion
No	71 (81)
Yes	43 (38)
Daughter nodules
No	83 (73)
Yes	31 (27)

HCC: Hepatocellular carcinoma; AFP: α-fetoprotein.