Insulin resistance is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C infection

Table 2 Comparison of baseline features, HOMA-IR and adiponectin level among chronic hepatitis, advanced fibrosis and HCC patients with chronic HCV infection

	Chronic hepatitis (F0-2) n = 86	Advanced fibrosis (F3-4) n = 43	Hepatocellular carcinoma n = 59	P value2
Age (yr)1	53 (45-58)ab	56 (49-63)ac	66 (57-75)bc	< 0.001
Male sex (%)	44 (51)b	17 (40)c	41 (69)bc	0.008
DM (%)	13 (15)b	12 (28)	21 (36)b	0.016
BMI (kg/m2)1	24.3 (21.8-26.3)	25.0 (22.0-29.4)	23.8 (21.8-26.6)	0.227
AST (U/L)1	90 (64-122)	114 (87-178)c	72 (39-123)c	0.085
ALT (U/L)1	127 (92-187)b	140 (102-199)c	63 (29-100)bc	0.001
Platelet (104/μL)1	20.2 (15.8-22.4)ab	13.7 (10.6-17.9)a	13.2 (8.7-17.1)b	< 0.001
Sugar (mg/dL)1	91 (87-101)b	98 (88-122)c	114 (94-172)bc	< 0.001
Insulin (μU/mL)1	10.3 (7.7-14.4)b	11.7 (6.9-15.9)c	14.8 (9.9-21.3)bc	0.003
HOMA-IR1	3.5 (2.6-4.7)b	4.1 (2.6-5.9)c	4.4 (2.9-6.6)bc	0.018
Adiponectin (μg/mL)1	5.0 (3.4-8.4)	5.8 (4.1-9.7)	7.9 (5.2-11.0)	0.222

¹Median (interquartile range);

²P value by one-way ANOVA test or χ² test;

^aP < 0.05 between chronic hepatitis and advanced fibrosis;

^bP < 0.05 between chronic hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma;

^cP < 0.05 between advanced fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma with LSD post-hoc correction.