Surgical treatment of anal stenosis

Table 2 Experiences in literature

Authors	No. of cases	Procedure	Results			Healing rate (%)
			Good	Fair	Poor
Sarner et al[45]	21	Sarner’s flap	-	-	-	100
Nickell et al[46]	4	Advancement flap anoplasty	4	-	-	100
Oh et al[41]	12	C anoplasty	11	-	1	90
Khubchandani[40]	53	Advancement flap anoplasty	Nr	Nr	Nr	94
Milsom et al[6]	24	V-Y anosplasty and Sarner’s anoplasty	-	-	-	90
1Gingold et al[28]	14	Y-V anoplasty	9	5	-	64
Caplin et al[11]	23	Diamond flap anoplasty	23	-	-	100
Ramanujam et al[30]	21	Y-V anoplasty	18	2	1	95
Pearl et al[29]	25	Island flap anoplasty	16	7	2	92
2Angelchik et al[23]	19	Y-V anoplasty (12 cases)	8	4	0	100
		Diamond flap anoplasty (7 cases)	7	-	-	100
Pidala et al[42]	28	Island flap anoplasty	25		3	91
Eu et al[38]	9	Lateral internal sphincterotomy (5 patients) and anoplasty (4 cases)	9	-	-	100
Gonzalez et al[39]	17	S anoplasty (6 cases) and advancement flap anoplasty (11 cases)	16	-	1	92
Sentovich et al[32]	29	House advancement flap	26	-	3	90
Saldana et al[34]	1	Internal pudendal flap anoplasty	1	-	-	100
Aitola et al[25]	10	Y-V anoplasty with internal sphincterotomy	6	3	1	60
de Medeiros[47]	30	Sarner’s flap or Musiani’s flap	-	-	-	100
Maria et al[5]	42	Y-V anoplasty (29 cases)	26	-	3	90
		Diamond flap anoplasty (13 cases)	13	-	-	100
Stratmann et al[44]	3	-	-	-	-	100
Ettorre et al[26]	1	House advancement flap	1	-	-	100
Saylan[20]	3	Y-V anoplasty	-	-	-	100
3Rakhmanine et al[24]	95	Lateral mucosal advancement anoplasty	74	-	8	90
Carditello et al[36]	149	Internal sphincterotomy and mucosal flap anoplasty	Nr	Nr	Nr	97
Habr-Gama et al[15]	77	Sarner’s flap (58 patients) and Musiani’s flap (19 patients)	-	-	-	87
Filingeri et al[27]	7	Y-V anoplasty	-	-	-	100
Casadesus et al[1]	19	Y-V anoplasty (7 patients) and lateral mucosal advancement flap anoplasty (12 patients)	-	-	-	100
Alver et al[31]	8	House advancement flap (14 flaps: 1 flap for 2 patients, and 2 flaps for 6 patients)	6	-	-	100

Nr: Not reported.

¹No sphincterotomies were done;

²Not all patients underwent sphincterotomy, and some of the procedures were for anal ectropion;

³Depending on the degree of stenosis, patients initially underwent either unilateral (62%) or bilateral (38%) anoplasty. Thirteen patients with a follow up of less than 6 mo were excluded from the analysis for restenosis.