Laser capture microdissection and genetic analysis of carbon-labeled Kupffer cells

Table 4 Overview of function, source and involvement of the 10 genes identified by Pubmed-search: Degree of up- or down-regulation

Gene	Fold change	Biological function	Primary cell source	Involvement	Reference
Acetyl-Coenzyme A synthetase 2	9.61	Mitochondrial matrix enzyme involved in CoA ligation	Mitochondrial matrix	Activation during fasting	[5051]
HM GCS1	5.81	Cholesterol biosynthesis		Inhibition induces apoptosis, up-regulation involved in liver regeneration	[2526]
RBP4	5.76	An a2-globulin that transports vitamin A from the liver	Parenchymal liver cells, little in Kupffer cells	Known marker for hepatocellular necrosis	[2223]
Inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor, heavy chain 2	5.46	Plasma protease inhibitor	Kupffer cells	Endothelial growth factor	[27–29]
Lipocalin 2	5.35	Iron-siderophore-binding protein	Macrophages, neutrophils	Suppression of inflammation, tissue involution, apoptosis, differentiation of myeloid cells	[31–40]
Hck	-5.67	Protein-tyrosine kinase	Granulocytes, monocytes	Mitogenesis, differentiation, survival, migration	[41–44]
Leucine-rich repeat-containing 5	-6.26	Interaction with cellular G-proteins		Enzyme inhibition, cell adhesion, cellular trafficking, proliferation and activation of lymphocytes and monocytes	[4552]
Myristoylated alanine rich protein kinase C substrate	-7.14	Substrate of protein kinase C		Intracellular signaling, brain development, cellular migration and adhesion, phagocyte activation, phagocytosis	[464753–55]
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B	-7.94	Chromatin-associated RNA-binding protein	Ubiquitious	RNA handling, proliferation arrest	[5657]
(SCAN-KRAB-) zinc finger gene 1	-9.05	Protein interaction domain	Ubiquitious	Cell survival, differentiation	[4849]