Effect of preoperative biliary drainage on surgical results after pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with distal common bile duct cancer: Focused on the rate of decrease in serum bilirubin

Table 1 Patient characteristics n (%)

Demographics	Total	Uncomplicated	Complicated	P
	(n = 49)	(n = 26)	(n = 23)
Age (yr)	64.0 ± 8.9	62.0 ± 9.9	65.5 ± 7.3	0.228
Sex				0.475
Male	36 (73.5)	18 (69.2)	18 (78.3)
Female	13 (26.5)	8 (30.8)	5 (21.7)
Diabetes				0.483
Yes	10 (20.4)	4 (15.4)	6 (26.1)
No	39 (79.6)	22 (84.6)	17 (73.9)
Operation				0.879
Whipple procedure	24 (49.0)	13 (50.0)	11 (47.8)
PPPD	25 (51.0)	13 (50.0)	12 (52.2)
Biliary drainage				0.472
Yes	40 (81.6)	20 (76.9)	20 (87.0)
No	9 (18.4)	6 (23.1)	3 (13.0)
1Leukocytosis				1.000
Yes	4 (8.2)	2 (7.7)	2 (8.7)
No	45 (91.8)	24 (92.3)	21 (91.3)
Bilirubin (&mgr;mol/L)	116.3 ± 92.3	107.7 ± 92.0	124.8 ± 97.5	0.652
Albumin (g/L)	34.2 ± 4.3	34.0 ± 4.4	34.4 ± 4.4	0.912
Creatinine (&mgr;mol/L)	70.7 ± 17.7	70.7 ± 26.5	70.7 ± 17.7	0.481
Alkaline phosphatase (U/L)	601 ± 450	632 ± 544	565 ± 322	0.764
Hemoglobin (g/L)	121.0 ± 16.5	117.8 ± 14.6	124.7 ± 18.0	0.193
Hematocrit (%)	35.6 ± 4.8	34.8 ± 4.3	36.4 ± 5.3	0.307
Operation data
Red cell transfusion (mL)	522 ± 401	442 ± 358	613 ± 435	0.116
Operation time (min)	515 ± 107	510 ± 104	520 ± 111	0.825

¹Defined as leukocyte count more than 10.8 × 10³/mm³. All laboratory values are preoperative serum levels expressed as mean ± SD, unless specified otherwise. PPPD: Pylorus preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy.