Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis following alpha-glucosidase inhibitor treatment: A case report and review of the literature

Table 1 A summary of previously reported cases of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) after an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor (αGI) treatment

Case No.	Author	Age	Chief complaint	TheαGI agent	Disease other than diabetes mellitus	Concomitant drug	Prescription ofαGI after PCI onset	Treatment
	Reference number	Sex		Quantity ofαGI				Outcome
	Yr			Dosage period ofαGIprior to PCI onset				Duration to the outcome
1	Hayakawa et al	64	Abdominal distention	Voglibose	Unknown	Insulin	Discontinuation	Conservative treatment
	14	F		0.6 mg/day				Healing
	1999			1 mo				4 d
2	Azami	87	Abdominal distention	Acarbose	Hypothyroidism	SU	Discontinuation	Conservative treatment
	15	F	Appetite loss	150 mg/day				Healing
	2000			1 yr				5 d
3	Maeda et al	55	Abdominal distention	Acarbose	Pemphigus vulgaris	Insuline steroid Immunosupressant	Continuation	Conservative treatment
	16	F		300 mg/day				Healing
	2002			42 d				141 d
4	Tachibana et al	73	Abdominal distention	Acarbose	Henoch-Schonlein	SU Steroid	Discontinuation	Conservative treatment
	17	F		150 mg/day	purpura nephritis			Healing
	2002			8 yr				28 d
5	Yanaru et al	61	Abdominal distention	Voglibose	Unknown	SU	Discontinuation	Conservative treatment
	18	M	Constipation	0.6 mg/day				Healing
	2002		Hematochezia	5 yr				28 d
6	Matsuda et al	62	Abdominal pain	Voglibose	Lung cancer	Morphine sulfate	Unknown	Operation
	19	M		Unknown				Remission
	2004			Unknown				16 d
7	Nagahara et al	66	Left abdominal pain	Acarbose	Unknown	Unknown	Discontinuation	Conservative treatment
	20	M		Unknown				Healing
	2006			11 yr				21 d
8	Hisamoto et al	56	No abdominal symptoms	Voglibose	Interstitial pneumonia	Steroid	Discontinuation	Conservative treatment
	21	M		0.6 mg/day				Healing
	2006			7 d				7 d
9	Furio et al	64	Abdominal pain	Acarbose	Unknown	Insulin	Discontinuation	Conservative
	22	F	Diarrhea	Unknown				treatment
	2006		Tenesmus	3 yr				Healing
			Weight loss					15 d
10	Miyagawa et al	65	Abdominal pain	Voglibose	Gastric cancer	SU	Continuation→Discontinuation	Conservative treatment
	23	M	Diarrhea	0.6 mg/day				Healing
	2006			6 years				120 d
11	Yasuoka et al	75	Abdominal distention	Voglibose	Lung cancer	SU	Discontinuation	Conservative treatment
	24	M		0.6 mg/day	Rectal carcinoid			Healing
	2007			10 yr				20 d
12	Maeda et al	72	Rt lower abdominal pain	Voglibose	Minimal change disease	Insulin	Discontinuation	Conservative treatment
	25	F		0.9 mg/day		Steroid		Healing
	2007			3 yr		Immunosupressant		7 d
13	Saito et al	53	Abdominal distention	Voglibose	Dermatomyositis	Steroid	Discontinuation	Conservative treatment
	26	F	Nausea	0.6 mg/day		Immunosupressant		Healing
	2007			1 mo				21 d
14	Our case	69	Abdominal distention	Voglibose	Myasthenia gravis	SU Steroid	Discontinuation	Conservative treatment
		M	Hematochezia	0.6 mg/day				Healing
	2008			1 yr 8 mo				14 d